Kurz Richard S, Yager Christopher, Yager James D, Foster Allison, Breidenbach Daniel H, Irwin Zachary
1 University of North Texas Health Science Center School of Public Health, Fort Worth, TX, USA.
2 National Board of Public Health Examiners, Washington, DC, USA.
Public Health Rep. 2017 Jul/Aug;132(4):518-523. doi: 10.1177/0033354917710015. Epub 2017 Jun 22.
In 2014, the National Board of Public Health Examiners performed a job task analysis (JTA) to revise the Certified in Public Health (CPH) examination. The objectives of this study were to describe the development, administration, and results of the JTA survey; to present an analysis of the survey results; and to review the implications of this first-ever public health JTA.
An advisory committee of public health professionals developed a list of 200 public health job tasks categorized into 10 work domains. The list of tasks was incorporated into a web-based survey, and a snowball sample of public health professionals provided 4850 usable responses. Respondents rated job tasks as essential (4), very important (3), important (2), not very important (1), and never performed (0).
The mean task importance ratings ranged from 2.61 to 3.01 (important to very important). The highest mean ratings were for tasks in the ethics domain (mean rating, 3.01). Respondents ranked 10 of the 200 tasks as the most important, with mean task rankings ranging from 2.98 to 3.39. We found subtle differences between male and female respondents and between master of public health and doctor of public health respondents in their rankings.
The JTA established a set of job tasks in 10 public health work domains, and the results provided a foundation for refining the CPH examination. Additional steps are needed to further modify the content outline of the examination. An empirical assessment of public health job tasks, using methods such as principal components analysis, may provide additional insight.
2014年，国家公共卫生考官委员会开展了一项工作任务分析（JTA），以修订公共卫生认证（CPH）考试。本研究的目的是描述JTA调查的开展、实施和结果；对调查结果进行分析；并审视这项有史以来首次的公共卫生JTA的影响。
一个由公共卫生专业人员组成的咨询委员会制定了一份包含200项公共卫生工作任务的清单，这些任务被归类为10个工作领域。任务清单被纳入一项基于网络的调查，通过公共卫生专业人员的滚雪球抽样获得了4850份可用回复。受访者将工作任务评为必不可少（4）、非常重要（3）、重要（2）、不太重要（1）和从未执行过（0）。
任务重要性平均评分在2.61至3.01之间（重要到非常重要）。伦理领域任务的平均评分最高（平均评分，3.01）。受访者将200项任务中的10项列为最重要的任务，平均任务排名在2.98至3.39之间。我们发现男性和女性受访者之间以及公共卫生硕士和公共卫生博士受访者之间在排名上存在细微差异。
JTA在10个公共卫生工作领域确立了一套工作任务，其结果为完善CPH考试奠定了基础。需要采取更多步骤来进一步修改考试的内容大纲。使用主成分分析等方法对公共卫生工作任务进行实证评估可能会提供更多见解。
