比较血液学与凝血：对啮齿目动物（大鼠）的研究。

Comparative hematology and coagulation: studies on rodentia (rats).

作者信息

Lewis J H, Van Thiel D H, Hasiba U, Spero J A, Gavaler J

出版信息

Comp Biochem Physiol A Comp Physiol. 1985;82(1):211-5. doi: 10.1016/0300-9629(85)90728-5.

Abstract

Blood from adult male Wistar rats clotted rapidly in glass or siliconized tubes; the clots retracted and did not lyse. The serum prothrombin, plasma prothrombin and activated partial thromboplastin times were shorter than those of normal humans. In contrast, the thrombin and reptilase times were longer than those of normal human plasma, due apparently to the presence of a low-grade thrombin inhibitor in rat plasma. Coagulation factors, X, VIIIR:vW and IX assayed lower in rat than human plasma, while factors VIII:C and anti-thrombin III were higher. Values for other coagulation factors (II, V, VII, XI, XII and Fletcher) fell within the human range. Platelets were small and numerous. They aggregated well with ADP but poorly or not at all with collagen, ristocetin, thrombin, epinephrine, arachidonic acid and pig or bovine plasmas. Leukocytes numbered 4-8 X 10(3) cells/mm3, a near human range and were predominantly lymphocytic. Erythrocytes were small (MCV = 56-60 fl) and numerous (5.5-6.4 X 10(6) cells/mm3).

摘要

成年雄性Wistar大鼠的血液在玻璃管或硅化管中迅速凝固；凝块回缩且不溶解。血清凝血酶原时间、血浆凝血酶原时间和活化部分凝血活酶时间均短于正常人。相反，凝血酶时间和蛇毒凝血酶时间长于正常人体血浆，这显然是由于大鼠血浆中存在一种低活性的凝血酶抑制剂。大鼠血浆中检测到的凝血因子X、VIIIR:vW和IX低于人类血浆，而因子VIII:C和抗凝血酶III则高于人类血浆。其他凝血因子（II、V、VII、XI、XII和Fletcher因子）的值落在人类范围内。血小板体积小且数量多。它们与ADP聚集良好，但与胶原、瑞斯托霉素、凝血酶、肾上腺素、花生四烯酸以及猪或牛血浆的聚集性差或根本不聚集。白细胞数量为4 - 8×10³个细胞/mm³，接近人类范围，且主要为淋巴细胞。红细胞体积小（平均红细胞体积 = 56 - 60 fl）且数量多（5.5 - 6.4×10⁶个细胞/mm³）。