Martín Ruth, Lopez-Aviles Sandra
Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo, Gaustadalleen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway.
Curr Genet. 2018 Feb;64(1):43-51. doi: 10.1007/s00294-017-0721-8. Epub 2017 Jun 22.
The control of cell fate, growth and proliferation in response to nitrogen availability is a tightly controlled process, with the two TOR complexes (TORC1 and TORC2) and their effectors playing a central role. PP2A-B55 has recently been shown to be a key element in this response in fission yeast, where it regulates cell cycle progression and sexual differentiation. Importantly, a recent study from our group has shown that PP2A-B55 acts as a mediator between the activities of the two TOR signaling modules, enabling a crosstalk that is required to engage in the differentiation program. In this review, we recapitulate the studies that have led to our current understanding of the interplay between TOR complexes. Moreover, we discuss several aspects of the response to nitrogen availability that still require further attention, and which will be important in the future to fully realize the implications of phosphatase activity in the context of TOR signaling.
细胞命运、生长和增殖对氮可利用性的响应控制是一个严格调控的过程，其中两个雷帕霉素靶蛋白复合物（TORC1和TORC2）及其效应物发挥着核心作用。最近研究表明，蛋白磷酸酶2A的B55亚基（PP2A-B55）是裂殖酵母中这一响应的关键元件，它在其中调节细胞周期进程和性别分化。重要的是，我们团队最近的一项研究表明，PP2A-B55作为两个TOR信号模块活性之间的介导因子，促成了参与分化程序所需的信号串扰。在这篇综述中，我们概述了那些使我们目前对TOR复合物之间相互作用有所理解的研究。此外，我们讨论了对氮可利用性响应中几个仍需进一步关注的方面，这些方面对于未来在TOR信号传导背景下全面认识磷酸酶活性的影响至关重要。
