Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2017 Nov;32(11):1190-1199. doi: 10.1002/gps.4755. Epub 2017 Jun 23.
Trauma and depression are associated with brain structural alterations; their combined effects on these outcomes are unclear. We previously reported a negative effect of trauma, independent of depression, on verbal learning and memory; less is known about underlying structural associates. We investigated separate and interactive associations of trauma and depression on brain structure.
Adults aged 30-89 (N = 203) evaluated for depression (D+) and trauma history (T+) using structured clinical interviews were divided into 53 D+T+, 42 D+T-, 50 D-T+, and 58 D-T-. Multivariable linear regressions examined the separate and interactive associations of depression and trauma with prefrontal and temporal lobe cortical thickness composites and hippocampal volumes adjusting for age, sex, predicted verbal IQ, comorbid anxiety, and vascular risk. Significant results informed analyses of tract-based structural connectomic measures of efficiency and centrality.
Trauma, independent of depression, was associated with greater left prefrontal cortex (PFC) thickness, in particular the medial orbitofrontal cortex and pars orbitalis. A trauma × depression interaction was observed for the right PFC in age-stratified analyses: Older D + T+ had reduced PFC thickness compared with older D - T+ individuals. Regardless of age, trauma was associated with more left medial orbitofrontal cortex efficiency and less pars orbitalis centrality. In the T+ group, left pars orbitalis cortical thickness and centrality negatively correlated with verbal learning.
Trauma, independent of depression, associated with altered PFC characteristics, morphologically and in terms of structural network communication and influence. Additionally, findings suggest that there may be a combined effect of trauma and depression in older adults. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
创伤和抑郁与大脑结构改变有关；它们对这些结果的综合影响尚不清楚。我们之前报告了创伤对言语学习和记忆的独立于抑郁的负面影响；关于潜在的结构关联知之甚少。我们研究了创伤和抑郁对大脑结构的单独和交互作用。
评估了年龄在 30-89 岁之间的成年人的抑郁（D+）和创伤史（T+）（N=203），使用结构化临床访谈进行评估，分为 53 例 D+T+、42 例 D+T-、50 例 D-T+和 58 例 D-T-。多变量线性回归分别检查了抑郁和创伤与前额叶和颞叶皮质厚度复合和海马体积的单独和交互关联，调整了年龄、性别、预测性言语智商、共病焦虑和血管风险。显著的结果为效率和中心性的基于束的结构连接测量分析提供了信息。
创伤，独立于抑郁，与左侧前额叶皮质（PFC）厚度增加有关，特别是在眶额皮质内侧和眶部。在年龄分层分析中观察到创伤与抑郁的交互作用：与年龄较大的 D-T+相比，年龄较大的 D+T+的 PFC 厚度降低。无论年龄大小，创伤与左侧眶额皮质内侧的效率增加和眶部的中心性降低有关。在 T+组中，左侧眶部皮质厚度和中心性与言语学习呈负相关。
创伤，独立于抑郁，与 PFC 特征的改变有关，包括形态和结构网络通讯和影响。此外，研究结果表明，在老年人中，创伤和抑郁可能有联合作用。
