Antonioni Alberto, Cardillo Alessio
Faculty of Business and Economics, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Grupo Interdisciplinar de Sistemas Complejos (GISC), Departamento de Matemáticas, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, E-28911 Leganés, Madrid, Spain.
Phys Rev Lett. 2017 Jun 9;118(23):238301. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.238301. Epub 2017 Jun 8.
Despite the large number of studies on synchronization, the hypothesis that interactions bear a cost for involved individuals has seldom been considered. The introduction of costly interactions leads, instead, to the formulation of a dichotomous scenario in which an individual may decide to cooperate and pay the cost in order to get synchronized with the rest of the population. Alternatively, the same individual can decide to free ride, without incurring any cost, waiting for others to get synchronized to his or her state. Thus, the emergence of synchronization may be seen as the byproduct of an evolutionary game in which individuals decide their behavior according to the benefit-to-cost ratio they accrued in the past. We study the onset of cooperation and synchronization in networked populations of Kuramoto oscillators and report how topology is essential in order for cooperation to thrive. We also display how different classes of topology foster synchronization differently both at microscopic and macroscopic levels.
尽管有大量关于同步的研究，但互动会给参与个体带来成本这一假设却很少被考虑。相反，引入有成本的互动会导致形成一种二分情形，即个体可能决定合作并支付成本，以便与群体中的其他个体同步。或者，同一个体可以决定搭便车，不产生任何成本，等待其他个体与他或她的状态同步。因此，同步的出现可以被视为一场进化博弈的副产品，在这场博弈中，个体根据他们过去积累的收益成本比来决定自己的行为。我们研究了Kuramoto振子网络群体中合作与同步的起始情况，并报告了拓扑结构对于合作蓬勃发展的至关重要性。我们还展示了不同类型的拓扑结构如何在微观和宏观层面以不同方式促进同步。
