Istituto di Sanità Pubblica, sezione di Medicina Legale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Roma, Italy.
Institute of Philosophy of Scientific and Technological Activity, Università Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, Rome, Italy.
Reprod Toxicol. 2017 Oct;73:250-258. doi: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.06.049. Epub 2017 Jun 20.
The use of cannabis during pregnancy and lactation is widely recognized as a health concern. The placenta is one of the several biological matrices that can be used to detect in utero drug exposure with the distinct advantage of easy and noninvasive collection. We conducted a PubMed search of selected literature published to June 30, 2016 to investigate the pharmacokinetics of cannabinoids, the active constituent of cannabis, in the placenta. The majority of the selected twelve papers was before 1990 and concerned animals at term gestation with great variability of experimental conditions. Only three were about human population and two of them reported equivocal findings on pre- term placenta. Our systematic review confirms that placental cannabis pharmacokinetics has been scarcely investigated and that further research is needed to determine advantages and disadvantages for monitoring maternal THC use or the degree of in utero exposure.
孕期和哺乳期使用大麻被广泛认为是一个健康问题。胎盘是可以用来检测宫内药物暴露的几种生物基质之一，具有易于采集且非侵入性的独特优势。我们对截至 2016 年 6 月 30 日发表的选定文献进行了 PubMed 搜索，以研究大麻的活性成分——大麻素在胎盘内的药代动力学。所选的 12 篇论文中，大多数发表于 1990 年之前，且研究对象为足月妊娠的动物，实验条件差异较大。仅有 3 篇涉及人类群体，其中 2 篇关于早产儿胎盘的结果存在争议。我们的系统综述证实，胎盘内大麻药代动力学的研究甚少，需要进一步研究以确定监测母体 THC 使用或宫内暴露程度的优势和劣势。
