Korolj Anastasia, Wang Erika Yan, Civitarese Robert A, Radisic Milica
Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Clin Sci (Lond). 2017 Jul 1;131(13):1393-1404. doi: 10.1042/CS20170055.
Engineering functional cardiac tissues remains an ongoing significant challenge due to the complexity of the native environment. However, our growing understanding of key parameters of the cardiac microenvironment and our ability to replicate those parameters are resulting in the development of increasingly sophisticated models of engineered cardiac tissues (ECT). This review examines some of the most relevant parameters that may be applied in culture leading to higher fidelity cardiac tissue models. These include the biochemical composition of culture media and cardiac lineage specification, co-culture conditions, electrical and mechanical stimulation, and the application of hydrogels, various biomaterials, and scaffolds. The review will also summarize some of the recent functional human tissue models that have been developed for and applications. Ultimately, the creation of sophisticated ECT that replicate native structure and function will be instrumental in advancing cell-based therapeutics and in providing advanced models for drug discovery and testing.
由于天然环境的复杂性，工程化功能性心脏组织仍然是一项持续存在的重大挑战。然而，我们对心脏微环境关键参数的不断深入理解以及复制这些参数的能力，正促使越来越复杂的工程化心脏组织（ECT）模型得以开发。本综述探讨了一些在培养中可能应用的最相关参数，这些参数可带来更高保真度的心脏组织模型。其中包括培养基的生化成分和心脏谱系定向、共培养条件、电刺激和机械刺激，以及水凝胶、各种生物材料和支架的应用。本综述还将总结一些最近为特定应用而开发的功能性人体组织模型。最终，创建能够复制天然结构和功能的复杂ECT，将有助于推进基于细胞的治疗方法，并为药物发现和测试提供先进模型。
