Darbandi Mahsa, Darbandi Sara, Agarwal Ashok, Henkle Ralf, Sadeghi Mohammad Reza
Altern Ther Health Med. 2018 Jul;24(4):24-29.
People are increasingly exposed to low frequency (LF) electromagnetic fields (EMFs), mainly from electricity distribution networks and electronic devices. Critics of this widespread exposure believe that it can have detrimental effects on the human body. On the other hand, many in vivo and in vitro studies have claimed that low frequency electromagnetic therapy can function as a form of alternative medicine and that therapists can treat disease by applying electromagnetic radiation or pulsed EMFs to the body or cells. It is not yet entirely clear, however, whether LF-EMF is beneficial or harmful.
This study aimed to examine the effects of LF-EMFs on men's reproductive functions, according to the types of waveform and the frequency and duration of exposure.
The study reviewed all available research, both human and animal, on the effects of LF-EMFs on male reproductive functions, covering the literature from January 1978 to June 2016. The documents were obtained from PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar, and any article that was irrelevant or a duplicate was excluded. A total of 61 articles were found, and 27 articles were reviewed.
This project was performed at the Avicenna Research Center (Tehran, Iran).
Literature included human and animal studies conducted on rabbits, mice, rats, and boars.
Among these studies, any article that was irrelevant, a duplicate, or published with duplicate data was excluded. At the end, 27 articles were checked.
Outcome measures included testing related to reproductive organ weights, reproductive endocrinal hormones, fetal development, and spermatogenesis as well as sperm motility, morphology, and vitality.
The reviewed studies provided contradictory results that were highly dependent on the exposure parameters, such as the shape and frequency of wave, intensity, duration, and timing of the exposure.
LF-EMF at 15 Hz with a peak intensity of 8 Gauss, with a square waveform of 50 Hz frequency and a duration of a few hours or less can have a positive effect on sperm quality, motility, and fertility. Exposures at other frequencies either had no effects on the sperm's performance and quality or held biological hazard for cells. It appears that there is still little understanding of how EMF affects cellular functions. Therefore, more standardized and controlled studies should be carried out to understand the effects of EMF on the body.
人们越来越多地暴露于低频（LF）电磁场（EMF）中，主要来自配电网和电子设备。对这种广泛暴露持批评态度的人认为，它可能对人体产生有害影响。另一方面，许多体内和体外研究声称，低频电磁疗法可以作为一种替代医学形式，治疗师可以通过向身体或细胞施加电磁辐射或脉冲电磁场来治疗疾病。然而，低频电磁场是有益还是有害尚未完全明确。
本研究旨在根据波形类型、暴露频率和持续时间，研究低频电磁场对男性生殖功能的影响。
该研究回顾了所有关于低频电磁场对男性生殖功能影响的现有研究，包括人类和动物研究，涵盖了1978年1月至2016年6月的文献。文献从PubMed、Science Direct和谷歌学术搜索中获取，任何不相关或重复的文章均被排除。共找到61篇文章，其中27篇文章被纳入综述。
本项目在阿维森纳研究中心（伊朗德黑兰）进行。
文献包括对兔子、小鼠、大鼠和野猪进行的人类和动物研究。
在这些研究中，任何不相关、重复或发表有重复数据的文章均被排除。最后，对27篇文章进行了审查。
观察指标包括与生殖器官重量、生殖内分泌激素、胎儿发育、精子发生以及精子活力、形态和活力相关的检测。
综述的研究提供了相互矛盾的结果，这些结果高度依赖于暴露参数，如波形形状和频率、强度、持续时间以及暴露时间。
频率为15赫兹、峰值强度为8高斯、频率为50赫兹的方波且持续时间为几小时或更短时间的低频电磁场可对精子质量、活力和生育能力产生积极影响。其他频率的暴露对精子性能和质量要么没有影响，要么对细胞具有生物危害性。似乎人们对电磁场如何影响细胞功能仍知之甚少。因此，应该开展更多标准化和可控的研究，以了解电磁场对身体的影响。
