Lipman Terri H, McCurry Ian J
University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA, USA, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Pediatr Endocrinol Rev. 2017 Jun;14(Suppl 2):472-477. doi: 10.17458/per.vol14.2017.lm.childrenshortstature.
Growth is the single most important indication of the health of a child. Identification of growth disorders in all children is crucial as growth failure can be the first sign of a number of acute and chronic conditions. However, gender and racial biases have resulted in inequities in the identification, referral and treatment of children with growth disorders. In addition, short children have been impacted by a number of psychosocial issues. Heightism is prejudice or discrimination against individuals based on height, and refers to discrimination against individuals whose height is not within the normal acceptable range. Studies have shown that short children have been affected by juvenilization, teasing, bullying, victimization, loss of independence/ overprotection, and exclusion. The role of the advanced practice nurse is critical in addressing heightism and racial and gender disparities in children with growth failure/short stature.
生长是儿童健康的最重要单一指标。识别所有儿童的生长障碍至关重要,因为生长发育迟缓可能是多种急慢性疾病的首要迹象。然而,性别和种族偏见导致了生长障碍儿童在识别、转诊和治疗方面的不平等。此外,身材矮小的儿童受到了一些心理社会问题的影响。身高歧视是基于身高对个人的偏见或歧视,指的是对身高不在正常可接受范围内的个人的歧视。研究表明,身材矮小的儿童受到幼稚化、取笑、欺凌、受害、失去独立/过度保护以及被排斥等影响。在解决生长发育迟缓/身材矮小儿童中的身高歧视以及种族和性别差异方面,高级执业护士的作用至关重要。