a Department of Psychology , Arizona State University , Tempe , AZ , USA.
b Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium.
Psychol Health. 2018 Mar;33(3):340-360. doi: 10.1080/08870446.2017.1341513. Epub 2017 Jun 26.
To examine whether rates of change in perceived control are predictive of cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence across adulthood and old age.
We used the PATH Through Life Project (n = 7103, M = 40, SD = 16; 52% women), a longitudinal panel survey that encompasses three cohorts at Time 1, ages 20-24, 40-44 and 60-64, who have been assessed three times at four-year intervals.
We examined whether rates of change in perceived control were associated with CVD incidence over 8 years of time, over and above that of baseline levels of perceived control and known risk factors for CVD.
Self-reported CVD incidence.
Increases in perceived control over time were associated with decreased likelihood of 8-year incidence of CVD and these effects were independent of socio-demographics, covariates and baseline levels of perceived control. The effects were consistent across young adulthood, midlife and old age and for men and women.
Findings demonstrate the importance of changes in perceived control as a predictor of CVD incidence across adulthood and old age. We suggest future research using mediation analysis to test reverse causality and mechanisms underlying the effects of perceived control on CVD incidence.
探讨感知控制的变化率是否可以预测成年期和老年期心血管疾病（CVD）的发生。
我们使用了贯穿生命历程的项目（PATH Through Life Project，n=7103，M=40，SD=16；52%为女性），这是一个纵向面板调查，包括三个队列，分别在时间 1（20-24 岁）、40-44 岁和 60-64 岁时进行评估，每四年评估三次。
我们考察了感知控制的变化率与 CVD 发生之间的关系，是否超过了基线感知控制水平和 CVD 的已知危险因素。
自我报告的 CVD 发生率。
随着时间的推移，感知控制的增加与 CVD 8 年发病率的降低有关，这些影响独立于社会人口统计学因素、协变量和基线感知控制水平。这些影响在青年期、中年期和老年期以及男性和女性中都是一致的。
研究结果表明，感知控制的变化作为成年期和老年期 CVD 发生的预测指标具有重要意义。我们建议未来的研究采用中介分析来检验反向因果关系和感知控制对 CVD 发生率的影响机制。
