Bibi F, Ullah I, Alvi S A, Bakhsh S A, Yasir M, Al-Ghamdi A A K, Azhar E I
Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, , , Saudi Arabia
Sulaiman Bin Abdullah Aba Al-Khail-Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, , , Pakistan.
Genet Mol Res. 2017 Jun 20;16(2):gmr-16-02-gmr.16029657. doi: 10.4238/gmr16029657.
Marine bacteria have been exceptional sources of halotolerant enzymes since decades. The aim of the present study was to isolate bacteria producing hydrolytic enzymes from seven different mangroves collected from the coastal area of Thuwal, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, and to further screen them for other enzymatic and antifungal activities. We have isolated 46 different rhizo- and endophytic bacteria from the soil, roots, and leaves of the mangroves using different enzymatic media. These bacterial strains were capable of producing industrially important enzymes (cellulase, protease, lipase, and amylase). The bacteria were screened further for antagonistic activity against fungal pathogens. Finally, these bacterial strains were identified on the basis of the16S rDNA sequence. Taxonomic and phylogenetic analysis revealed 95.9-100% sequence identity to type strains of related species. The dominant phylum was Gammaproteobacteria (γ-Proteobacteria), which comprised 10 different genera - Erwinia, Vibrio, Psychrobacter, Aidingimonas, Marinobacter, Chromohalobacter, Halomonas, Microbulbifer, and Alteromonas. Firmicutes was the second dominant phylum, which contained only the genus Bacillus. Similarly, only Isoptericola belonged to Actinobacteria. Further these enzyme-producing bacteria were tested for the production of other enzymes. Most of the active strains showed cellulytic and lipolytic activities. Several were also active against fungal pathogens. Our results demonstrated that the mangroves represent an important source of potentially active bacteria producing enzymes and antifungal metabolites (bioactive products). These bacteria are a source of novel halophilic enzymes and antibiotics that can find industrial and medicinal use.
几十年来，海洋细菌一直是耐盐酶的特殊来源。本研究的目的是从沙特阿拉伯吉达市图瓦尔沿海地区采集的七种不同红树林中分离出产生水解酶的细菌，并进一步筛选它们的其他酶活性和抗真菌活性。我们使用不同的酶培养基从红树林的土壤、根和叶中分离出了46种不同的根际和内生细菌。这些细菌菌株能够产生具有工业重要性的酶（纤维素酶、蛋白酶、脂肪酶和淀粉酶）。进一步筛选这些细菌对真菌病原体的拮抗活性。最后，根据16S rDNA序列对这些细菌菌株进行鉴定。分类学和系统发育分析显示，与相关物种的模式菌株的序列同一性为95.9-100%。优势菌门是γ-变形菌纲（γ-Proteobacteria），由10个不同的属组成——欧文氏菌属、弧菌属、嗜冷杆菌属、艾丁吉单胞菌属、海杆菌属、嗜盐色杆菌属、嗜盐单胞菌属、微小杆菌属和交替单胞菌属。厚壁菌门是第二优势菌门，仅包含芽孢杆菌属。同样，放线菌门中只有等枝菌属。此外，还对这些产酶细菌进行了其他酶产生的测试。大多数活性菌株表现出纤维素分解和脂肪分解活性。有几种对真菌病原体也有活性。我们的结果表明，红树林是产生酶和抗真菌代谢物（生物活性产物）的潜在活性细菌的重要来源。这些细菌是新型嗜盐酶和抗生素的来源，可用于工业和医药用途。
