Ali Muhammad Umar, Ur Rahman Muhammad Saif, Jia Zhenyu, Jiang Cao
1 Clinical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
2 Institute of Occupational Diseases, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
Tumour Biol. 2017 Jun;39(6):1010428317709805. doi: 10.1177/1010428317709805.
Recent technological advancements have shown tremendous mechanistic accomplishments in our understanding of the mechanism of messenger RNA translation in eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic messenger RNA translation is very complex process that includes four phases (initiation, elongation, termination, and ribosome recycling) and diverse mechanisms involving protein and non-protein molecules. Translation regulation is principally achieved during initiation step of translation, which is organized by multiple eukaryotic translation initiation factors. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor proteins help in stabilizing the formation of the functional ribosome around the start codon and provide regulatory mechanisms in translation initiation. Dysregulated messenger RNA translation is a common feature of tumorigenesis. Various oncogenic and tumor suppressive genes affect/are affected by the translation machinery, making the components of the translation apparatus promising therapeutic targets for the novel anticancer drug. This review provides details on the role of eukaryotic translation initiation factors in messenger RNA translation initiation, their contribution to onset and progression of tumor, and how dysregulated eukaryotic translation initiation factors can be used as a target to treat carcinogenesis.
最近的技术进步在我们对真核细胞中信使核糖核酸（mRNA）翻译机制的理解方面展现出了巨大的机制性成就。真核生物信使核糖核酸翻译是一个非常复杂的过程，包括四个阶段（起始、延伸、终止和核糖体循环）以及涉及蛋白质和非蛋白质分子的多种机制。翻译调控主要在翻译起始步骤实现，这一过程由多种真核生物翻译起始因子组织。真核生物翻译起始因子蛋白有助于稳定起始密码子周围功能性核糖体的形成，并在翻译起始中提供调控机制。失调的信使核糖核酸翻译是肿瘤发生的一个共同特征。各种致癌基因和肿瘤抑制基因影响/受翻译机制影响，使得翻译装置的组成部分成为新型抗癌药物有前景的治疗靶点。本综述详细介绍了真核生物翻译起始因子在信使核糖核酸翻译起始中的作用、它们对肿瘤发生和发展的贡献，以及失调的真核生物翻译起始因子如何作为治疗癌症发生的靶点被利用。
