Hohenauer Erich, Clarys Peter, Baeyens Jean-Pierre, Clijsen Ron
Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland; University College Physiotherapy "Thim van der Laan"; Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel;
Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel.
J Vis Exp. 2017 Jun 8(124):55612. doi: 10.3791/55612.
Fast recovery after strenuous exercise is important in sports and is often studied via cryotherapy applications. Cryotherapy has a significant vasoconstrictive effect, which seems to be the leading factor in its effectiveness. The resulting enhanced recovery can be measured by using both objective and subjective parameters. Two commonly measured subjective characteristics of recovery are delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE). Two important objective recovery characteristics are countermovement jump (CMJ) performance and peak power output (PPO). Here, we provide a detailed protocol to induce muscular exhaustion of the frontal thighs with a self-paced, 3 x 30 countermovement jump protocol (30-s rest between each set). This randomized controlled trial protocol explains how to perform local cryotherapy cuff application (+ 8 °C for 20 min) and thermoneutral cuff application (+ 32 °C for 20 min) on both thighs as two possible post-exercise recovery modalities. Finally, we provide a non-invasive protocol to measure the effects of these two recovery modalities on subjective (i.e., DOMS of both frontal thighs and RPE) and objective recovery (i.e., CMJ and PPO) characteristics 24, 48, and 72 h post-application. The advantage of this method is that it provides a tool for researchers or coaches to induce muscular exhaustion, without using any expensive devices; to implement local cooling strategies; and to measure both subjective and objective recovery, without using invasive methods. Limitations of this protocol are that the 30 s rest period between sets is very short, and the cardiovascular demand is very high. Future studies may find the assessment of maximum voluntary contractions to be a more sensitive assessment of muscular exhaustion compared to CMJs.
在体育运动中，剧烈运动后的快速恢复至关重要，人们常通过冷冻疗法来对此进行研究。冷冻疗法具有显著的血管收缩作用，这似乎是其有效性的主要因素。可以通过客观和主观参数来衡量由此带来的恢复增强效果。恢复的两个常见主观特征是延迟性肌肉酸痛（DOMS）和自觉用力程度（RPE）评分。两个重要的客观恢复特征是反向纵跳（CMJ）表现和峰值功率输出（PPO）。在此，我们提供了一个详细方案，通过一个自定节奏的3×30次反向纵跳方案（每组之间休息30秒）来诱导大腿前部肌肉疲劳。这个随机对照试验方案解释了如何在双侧大腿上应用局部冷冻疗法袖套（+8°C，持续20分钟）和热中性袖套（+32°C，持续20分钟）作为两种可能的运动后恢复方式。最后，我们提供了一个非侵入性方案，以测量这两种恢复方式在应用后24、48和72小时对主观（即双侧大腿前部的DOMS和RPE）和客观恢复（即CMJ和PPO）特征的影响。该方法的优点是，它为研究人员或教练提供了一种工具，无需使用任何昂贵设备即可诱导肌肉疲劳；实施局部冷却策略；并在不使用侵入性方法的情况下测量主观和客观恢复情况。该方案的局限性在于，每组之间30秒的休息时间非常短，且心血管需求非常高。未来的研究可能会发现，与CMJ相比，最大自主收缩评估对肌肉疲劳的评估更为敏感。
