Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Université Laval 2705 boulevard Laurier, Québec City, Québec G1V 4G2, Canada.
Gynecologic Oncology Division, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Université Laval 11 côte du Palais, Québec City, Québec G1R 2J6, Canada.
Gynecol Oncol. 2017 Sep;146(3):661-671. doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.06.025. Epub 2017 Jun 24.
A number of paraneoplastic syndromes have been described with gynecological cancers. These syndromes are induced by substances secreted by the tumor or by an immune response triggered by the cancer. Each system of the human body can be affected by different syndromes. Indeed, paraneoplastic syndromes occurring from tumors of the gynecologic tract were found to involve the nervous, ophthalmologic, dermatologic, rheumatologic, endocrine, hematologic and renal systems. These syndromes can manifest before, at the time, or after the diagnosis of cancer. They can also occur at the time of a recurrence. Knowledge about these syndromes is important for physicians caring for patients with cancers, as they can result in severe morbidity and must be treated appropriately. Literature regarding paraneoplastic syndromes associated with tumors of the female genital tract is scattered and the subject has not been reviewed recently. A systematic literature search was thus conducted to identify paraneoplastic syndromes associated with gynecologic cancers. This review focuses on the cancers involved with each paraneoplastic syndrome, and on their pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, possible complications, outcomes, and treatments. As the mainstay of treatment in these conditions is often to address the underlying tumor, it is of upmost importance that physicians be aware of these rare cancer manifestations.
许多副肿瘤综合征与妇科癌症有关。这些综合征是由肿瘤分泌的物质或癌症引发的免疫反应引起的。人体的每个系统都可能受到不同综合征的影响。事实上，从妇科生殖道肿瘤中发现的副肿瘤综合征涉及神经、眼科、皮肤科、风湿病学、内分泌、血液学和肾脏系统。这些综合征可以在癌症诊断之前、期间或之后出现。它们也可能在复发时发生。了解这些综合征对于照顾癌症患者的医生非常重要，因为它们会导致严重的发病率，必须进行适当的治疗。关于与女性生殖道肿瘤相关的副肿瘤综合征的文献分散，最近没有对该主题进行综述。因此，进行了系统的文献检索，以确定与妇科癌症相关的副肿瘤综合征。这篇综述重点介绍了每种副肿瘤综合征所涉及的癌症，以及它们的病理生理学、临床表现、可能的并发症、结局和治疗。由于这些情况下的主要治疗方法通常是针对潜在的肿瘤，因此医生必须意识到这些罕见的癌症表现。
