Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Australian Institute of Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore.
Adv Mater. 2017 Dec;29(48). doi: 10.1002/adma.201700622. Epub 2017 Jun 28.
Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are considered as promising alternatives to lithium-ion batteries owing to the abundant sodium resources. However, the limited energy density, moderate cycling life, and immature manufacture technology of SIBs are the major challenges hindering their practical application. Recently, numerous efforts are devoted to developing novel electrode materials with high specific capacities and long durability. In comparison with carbonaceous materials (e.g., hard carbon), partial Group IVA and VA elements, such as Sn, Sb, and P, possess high theoretical specific capacities for sodium storage based on the alloying reaction mechanism, demonstrating great potential for high-energy SIBs. In this review, the recent research progress of alloy-type anodes and their compounds for sodium storage is summarized. Specific efforts to enhance the electrochemical performance of the alloy-based anode materials are discussed, and the challenges and perspectives regarding these anode materials are proposed.
钠离子电池（SIBs）由于其丰富的钠资源而被认为是锂离子电池的替代品。然而，SIBs 的能量密度有限、循环寿命适中以及不成熟的制造技术是阻碍其实际应用的主要挑战。最近，人们致力于开发具有高比容量和长耐久性的新型电极材料。与碳材料（例如硬碳）相比，IVA 和 VA 族的部分元素，如 Sn、Sb 和 P，基于合金化反应机制具有较高的钠离子存储理论比容量，在高能 SIBs 方面具有很大的潜力。在这篇综述中，总结了用于钠离子存储的合金型阳极及其化合物的最新研究进展。讨论了提高基于合金的阳极材料电化学性能的具体努力，并提出了这些阳极材料所面临的挑战和展望。
