Anyanwu O U, Ibekwe R C, Ojinnaka N C
Pediatrician Department of Pediatrics, Federal Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.
Paediatrician Neurology Unit, Department of Paediatrics, University of Nigeria/University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku Ozala, Enugu, Enugu State, Nigeria.
Niger J Clin Pract. 2017 Jun;20(6):665-669. doi: 10.4103/1119-3077.208953.
Substance abuse has been associated with psychosocial dysfunction from previous reports; however, the prevalence and pattern of such morbidity is unknown in our environment.
The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and pattern of psychosocial dysfunction among adolescents who abuse substance.
A case-control study was carried out among adolescents selected from five secondary schools in Abakaliki. A multistage sampling procedure was used to select the students and the World Health Organization student drug use questionnaire was used to screen respondents for substance abuse. Substance abusers and matched controls (non substance abusers) were assessed for psychosocial dysfunction using the 35-item Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PSC). Socioeconomic classification was done using the parental educational attainment and occupation.
Two hundred and four students were abusers of one or more substances. The mean PSC score for substance abusers was 21.96 ± 10.77 whereas that for controls was 16.07 ± 8.69 (t = -6.74, P = 0.000). Eighty-nine individuals (43.7%) and 28 controls (13.9%) had PSC scores in the morbidity range of ≥ 28 for psychosocial dysfunction. This was statistically significant (χ2 = 13.57, P = 0.001). Prevalence of dysfunction was significantly associated with age group, gender, and socioeconomic class in both participants and controls. The prevalence of dysfunction was significantly higher in multiple abusers than the single abusers.
The prevalence of psychosocial dysfunction is higher in adolescents abusing substance than in controls. Psychosocial dysfunction was however not related to age, gender, or social classes in the study population but was related to the abuse of multiple substances.
既往报告显示物质滥用与心理社会功能障碍有关；然而，在我们所处的环境中，此类发病率的患病率和模式尚不清楚。
本研究的目的是确定滥用物质的青少年中心理社会功能障碍的患病率和模式。
在阿巴卡利基的五所中学选取青少年进行病例对照研究。采用多阶段抽样程序选取学生，并使用世界卫生组织学生药物使用问卷对受访者进行物质滥用筛查。使用35项儿童症状清单（PSC）对物质滥用者和匹配的对照组（非物质滥用者）进行心理社会功能障碍评估。根据父母的教育程度和职业进行社会经济分类。
204名学生滥用一种或多种物质。物质滥用者的PSC平均得分为21.96±10.77，而对照组为16.07±8.69（t=-6.74，P=0.000）。89名个体（43.7%）和28名对照组（13.9%）的PSC得分在心理社会功能障碍的发病范围内，即≥28分。这具有统计学意义（χ2=13.57，P=0.001）。在参与者和对照组中，功能障碍的患病率与年龄组、性别和社会经济阶层显著相关。多重滥用者的功能障碍患病率显著高于单一滥用者。
滥用物质的青少年中心理社会功能障碍的患病率高于对照组。然而，在研究人群中，心理社会功能障碍与年龄、性别或社会阶层无关，而是与多种物质的滥用有关。
