Gothwal Vijaya K, Sumalini Rebecca, Narasaiah Asa, Panda Soumya
a Meera and L B Deshpande Centre for Sight Enhancement , Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, L V Prasad Eye Institute , Hyderabad , India.
b Centre for Sight Enhancement, Kode Venkatadri Chowdary Campus , L V Prasad Eye Institute , Vijayawada , India.
Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2017 Aug;24(4):274-280. doi: 10.1080/09286586.2017.1281425. Epub 2017 Jun 28.
Previous reports, albeit isolated, of vision and ocular screening of athletes with intellectual disability participating in the Special Olympics, UK, indicated high rates of refractive error and ocular morbidity; however, there have been no reports of similar sports events for this population from India. This study set out to evaluate the vision profile and ocular characteristics of athletes with intellectual disability attending the Special Olympics Lions Club International Opening Eyes (SOLCIOE) event in 2012 in India.
A cross-sectional study was conducted, where a protocol-based ophthalmological assessment was performed by trained optometrists at a tertiary eye care center.
Overall, 172 athletes (mean age 18.6 years, 70% male) with intellectual disability participated, and 138 (80%) were able to cooperate for complete or nearly complete vision and ocular assessment. A total of 56 (32%) had never had a previous vision or ocular health status examination. A total of 46 (32%) presented with low vision (World Health Organization definition <6/18 to 3/60 in the better eye), 21% needed a first or updated spectacle prescription, and 28% had significant ocular pathology as the cause of visual loss.
The proportions of refractive errors and ocular disorders in athletes with intellectual disability attending the SOLCIOE program in South India are similar to those reported for able-bodied school-aged children in urban and rural India. Like that of their able-bodied peers, the visual needs of children with intellectual disability are also not adequately being met.
此前虽有个别报告对参加英国特奥会的智障运动员进行了视力和眼部筛查，结果显示屈光不正和眼部疾病发病率较高；然而，印度尚未有针对该人群类似体育赛事的相关报告。本研究旨在评估参加2012年印度特奥会狮子会国际“睁开眼睛”（SOLCIOE）活动的智障运动员的视力状况和眼部特征。
开展了一项横断面研究，由经过培训的验光师在一家三级眼科护理中心按照方案进行眼科评估。
共有172名智障运动员（平均年龄18.6岁，70%为男性）参与，其中138名（80%）能够配合完成或基本完成视力和眼部评估。共有56名（32%）此前从未进行过视力或眼部健康状况检查。共有46名（32%）存在低视力（世界卫生组织定义为较好眼视力<6/18至3/60），21%需要首次配镜或更新配镜处方，28%有严重眼部病变是视力丧失病因。
参加印度南部SOLCIOE项目的智障运动员的屈光不正和眼部疾病比例与印度城乡正常学龄儿童的报告比例相似。与正常同龄人一样，智障儿童的视力需求也未得到充分满足。
