Cardona Victoria, Álvarez-Perea Alberto, Ansotegui Ignacio J, Arias-Cruz Alfredo, González-Díaz Sandra Nora, Latour-Staffeld Patricia, Ivancevich Juan Carlos, Sánchez-Borges Mario, Serrano Carlos, Solé Dirceu, Tanno Luciana K
Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Sección de Alergia. Barcelona, España.
Rev Alerg Mex. 2017 Apr-Jun;64(2):171-177. doi: 10.29262/ram.v64i2.250.
Anaphylaxis is a systemic and severe allergic reaction, which can be fatal. The first-line treatment of choice, according to international guidelines, is intramuscular adrenaline. However, different studies show that the performance of health professionals managing anaphylaxis is often inadequate.
To assess the current resources available in Latin American countries for the diagnosis and treatment of anaphylaxis.
Online survey promoted by the Latin American Society of Allergy and Immunology to representatives of the national allergy societies of Latin American countries.
Responses were received from 10 countries out of the 14 countries invited to participate. Only five of the countries have clinical practice guidelines in anaphylaxis. Adrenaline autoinjectors are available only in two countries, Argentina and Brazil, but are not subsidized by public health systems. In all countries, adrenaline is available in ampoules, which is the presentation usually prescribed to patients for self-administration. The use of adrenaline was estimated to be less than 50 % of cases in five countries, while antihistamines and corticosteroids are almost always used. The determination of serum tryptase is possible in some health centers, often private, in five of the countries surveyed.
It is necessary to improve resources related to the diagnosis and management of anaphylaxis in Latin American countries.
过敏反应是一种全身性严重过敏反应，可能致命。根据国际指南，一线治疗选择是肌肉注射肾上腺素。然而，不同研究表明，处理过敏反应的医护人员的表现往往不尽人意。
评估拉丁美洲国家目前可用于过敏反应诊断和治疗的资源。
拉丁美洲过敏和免疫学会向拉丁美洲国家的国家过敏学会代表发起在线调查。
受邀参与的14个国家中有10个国家回复了调查。只有5个国家有过敏反应的临床实践指南。肾上腺素自动注射器仅在阿根廷和巴西这两个国家有，但未得到公共卫生系统的补贴。在所有国家，肾上腺素均有安瓿剂型，这是通常开给患者用于自我注射的剂型。据估计，在5个国家中，肾上腺素的使用病例不到50%，而抗组胺药和皮质类固醇几乎总是被使用。在接受调查的5个国家的一些卫生中心（通常是私立的）可以检测血清类胰蛋白酶。
有必要改善拉丁美洲国家与过敏反应诊断和管理相关的资源。
