Alhaug Johanne, Gay Caryl L, Henriksen Christine, Lerdal Anners
Department of Clinical Nutrition, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Food Nutr Res. 2017 May 12;61(1):1324230. doi: 10.1080/16546628.2017.1324230. eCollection 2017.
: Pressure ulcers (PUs) and malnutrition represent a significant health problem for hospital inpatients. Satisfactory nutritional status is crucial for proper wound healing. Risk of malnutrition can be identified using standardized screening tools, such as the Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS) 2002. : The objective of this study was to examine whether nutritional status based on the NRS 2002 is associated with PU in hospital inpatients. : The data for this cross-sectional analysis were based on 10 screening days between September 2012 and May 2014. All adult inpatients admitted to a medical or surgical ward on the screening days were evaluated for eligibility. Nursing students and ward nurses conducted the NRS 2002 initial screening and skin examinations for PU classification (Stages I-IV). A registered clinical dietician conducted all NRS 2002 final screenings. : The sample consisted of 651 patients, with mean age 62.9 years. Skin examinations indicated an 8% PU prevalence. Factors associated with PUs included age ≥ 70 years, low body mass index (BMI) and hospitalization in the medical department. Based on the initial screening, 48% were at 'Low risk' for malnutrition and 52% were at 'Possible risk'. After final screening, 34% of the sample was identified as 'At risk' for malnutrition. Patients identified at 'Possible risk' by the initial screening or 'At risk' by the final screening were more likely than patients at 'Low risk' to have a PU (OR = 2.58 and 2.55, respectively). Each of the three initial screening items was significantly associated PU, with 'Is BMI<20?' and 'Ate less past week?' having the strongest associations. : Nutritional risk using the NRS 2002 is associated with the presence of PU in a mixed hospital population. The final screening had a slightly stronger association with PU compared to the initial screening.
压疮（PUs）和营养不良是住院患者面临的重大健康问题。良好的营养状况对于伤口的正常愈合至关重要。可以使用标准化筛查工具，如2002年营养风险筛查（NRS）来识别营养不良风险。本研究的目的是探讨基于NRS 2002的营养状况是否与住院患者的压疮有关。本横断面分析的数据基于2012年9月至2014年5月期间的10个筛查日。对筛查日入住内科或外科病房的所有成年住院患者进行了资格评估。护理专业学生和病房护士进行了NRS 2002初步筛查和用于压疮分类（I-IV期）的皮肤检查。注册临床营养师进行了所有NRS 2002最终筛查。样本包括651名患者，平均年龄62.9岁。皮肤检查显示压疮患病率为8%。与压疮相关的因素包括年龄≥70岁、低体重指数（BMI）以及在内科住院。根据初步筛查，48%的患者处于营养不良“低风险”，52%处于“可能有风险”。最终筛查后，34%的样本被确定为营养不良“有风险”。初步筛查时被确定为“可能有风险”或最终筛查时被确定为“有风险”的患者比“低风险”患者更有可能发生压疮（比值比分别为2.58和2.55）。初步筛查的三个项目中的每一个都与压疮显著相关，其中“BMI<20吗？”和“过去一周进食减少吗？”的相关性最强。使用NRS 2002评估的营养风险与综合医院人群中压疮的存在有关。与初步筛查相比，最终筛查与压疮的关联略强。
