Zocchi Elena, Hontecillas Raquel, Leber Andrew, Einerhand Alexandra, Carbo Adria, Bruzzone Santina, Tubau-Juni Nuria, Philipson Noah, Zoccoli-Rodriguez Victoria, Sturla Laura, Bassaganya-Riera Josep
Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biochemistry and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
BioTherapeutics Inc., Blacksburg, VA, United States.
Front Nutr. 2017 Jun 13;4:24. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2017.00024. eCollection 2017.
Abscisic acid is naturally present in fruits and vegetables, and it plays an important role in managing glucose homeostasis in humans. According to the latest U.S. dietary survey, about 92% of the population might have a deficient intake of ABA due to their deficient intake of fruits and vegetables. This review summarizes the , preclinical, mechanistic, and human translational findings obtained over the past 15 years in the study of the role of ABA in glycemic control. In 2007, dietary ABA was first reported to ameliorate glucose tolerance and obesity-related inflammation in mice. The most recent findings regarding the topic of ABA and its proposed receptor lanthionine synthetase C-like 2 in glycemic control and their interplay with insulin and glucagon-like peptide-1 suggest a major role for ABA in the physiological response to a glucose load in humans. Moreover, emerging evidence suggests that the ABA response might be dysfunctional in diabetic subjects. Follow on intervention studies in healthy individuals show that low-dose dietary ABA administration exerts a beneficial effect on the glycemia and insulinemia profiles after oral glucose load. These recent findings showing benefits in humans, together with extensive efficacy data in mouse models of diabetes and inflammatory disease, suggest the need for reference ABA values and its possible exploitation of the glycemia-lowering effects of ABA for preventative purposes. Larger clinical studies on healthy, prediabetic, and diabetic subjects are needed to determine whether addressing the widespread dietary ABA deficiency improves glucose control in humans.
脱落酸天然存在于水果和蔬菜中，并且在维持人体葡萄糖稳态方面发挥着重要作用。根据美国最新的饮食调查，约92%的人口可能因水果和蔬菜摄入量不足而导致脱落酸摄入不足。本综述总结了过去15年中在研究脱落酸在血糖控制中的作用方面所获得的临床前、机制以及人体转化研究结果。2007年，首次报道膳食脱落酸可改善小鼠的葡萄糖耐量和肥胖相关炎症。关于脱落酸及其在血糖控制中假定的受体——类兰硫肽合成酶C样2以及它们与胰岛素和胰高血糖素样肽-1的相互作用的最新研究结果表明，脱落酸在人体对葡萄糖负荷的生理反应中起主要作用。此外，新出现的证据表明，糖尿病患者的脱落酸反应可能存在功能障碍。后续在健康个体中的干预研究表明，口服葡萄糖负荷后，低剂量膳食脱落酸给药对血糖和胰岛素水平具有有益影响。这些近期在人体中显示出益处的研究结果，连同在糖尿病和炎症性疾病小鼠模型中的大量有效性数据，表明需要参考脱落酸值，并可能利用其降血糖作用用于预防目的。需要对健康、糖尿病前期和糖尿病患者进行更大规模的临床研究，以确定解决普遍存在的膳食脱落酸缺乏问题是否能改善人体的血糖控制。
