Pardigon N
Arbovirus Group, Environment and Infectious Risks, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Dr-Roux, 75015 Paris, France.
Transfus Clin Biol. 2017 Sep;24(3):96-100. doi: 10.1016/j.tracli.2017.05.005. Epub 2017 Jun 27.
Flaviviruses are important human pathogens. Transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes, Flaviviruses such as West Nile and Japanese encephalitis may reach the central nervous system where they can elicit severe diseases. Their ability to cross the blood-brain-barrier is still poorly understood. The newly emerging Zika Flavivirus on the other hand very rarely reaches the brain of adults, but can infect neural progenitors in the developing central nervous system of fetuses, eliciting devastating congenital malformations including microcephaly. This short review focuses on selected aspects of West Nile, Japanese encephalitis and Zika virus pathophysiological features such as neuroinvasion and neurovirulence, and highlights what we know about some possible mechanisms involved in Flaviviral neuropathogenesis.
黄病毒是重要的人类病原体。西尼罗河病毒和日本脑炎病毒等黄病毒通过受感染蚊子的叮咬传播，可能会到达中枢神经系统，在那里引发严重疾病。它们穿越血脑屏障的能力仍知之甚少。另一方面，新出现的寨卡黄病毒很少进入成人大脑，但可感染胎儿发育中的中枢神经系统中的神经祖细胞，引发包括小头畸形在内的毁灭性先天性畸形。这篇简短的综述聚焦于西尼罗河病毒、日本脑炎病毒和寨卡病毒病理生理特征的某些方面，如神经侵袭和神经毒力，并强调了我们对黄病毒神经发病机制中一些可能机制的了解。
