Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Bldg 2, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, 137 East Franklin Street, Suite 203, CB #8030, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, United States.
Clin Nutr. 2018 Aug;37(4):1332-1339. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.06.003. Epub 2017 Jun 8.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Diet quality may influence non-traditional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors - namely, C-reactive protein (CRP) and the ankle-brachial index (ABI). Pre-existing traditional cardiometabolic conditions may confound this association. We aimed to determine whether diet quality was associated with high-risk CRP or ABI, independently from traditional cardiometabolic risk factors.
Baseline data were analyzed from US-Hispanics/Latinos aged 18-74 y without previously-diagnosed CVD participating in the population-based Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos cohort. Included were 14,623 participants with CRP data, and 7892 participants (≥45 y) with ABI data. Diet quality was measured with the Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI).
Nearly 35% of Hispanics/Latinos had high-risk CRP concentration and 6.3% had high-risk ABI (peripheral artery disease (PAD): 4.2%; arterial stiffness: 2.1%). After adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and obesity, the odds (95% confidence interval) of having high-risk ABI were 37% (5, 44%) lower per 10-unit increase in AHEI (p = 0.018). The association was marginally significant for PAD (0.77 (0.58, 1.00); p = 0.05), and non-significant for arterial stiffness (p = 0.16). Each 10-unit increase in AHEI was associated with 21% (10, 30%) lower odds of high-risk CRP (p = 0.0002) after similar adjustments. There were no significant interactions between AHEI and age, sex, ethnicity, smoking, or pre-existing cardiometabolic conditions for associations with ABI. The association between AHEI and high-risk CRP was stronger for those with diabetes (p-interaction < 0.0001), obesity (p-interaction = 0.005), or ages 45-74 y (p-interaction = 0.011).
Higher diet quality is associated with lower inflammation and less adverse ABI among Hispanics/Latinos, independently from traditional cardiometabolic risk factors.
饮食质量可能会影响非传统心血管疾病（CVD）风险因素，即 C 反应蛋白（CRP）和踝臂指数（ABI）。先前存在的传统心血管代谢疾病可能会使这种关联复杂化。我们旨在确定饮食质量是否与 CRP 或 ABI 风险升高有关，而不考虑传统的心血管代谢危险因素。
分析了来自美国西班牙裔/拉丁裔人群的基线数据，这些人年龄在 18-74 岁之间，没有先前诊断出的 CVD，参加了基于人群的西班牙裔社区健康研究/拉丁裔研究队列。纳入了 14623 名 CRP 数据的参与者和 7892 名（≥45 岁）ABI 数据的参与者。饮食质量用替代健康饮食指数（AHEI）来衡量。
近 35%的西班牙裔/拉丁裔人群 CRP 浓度高，6.3%的 ABI 风险高（外周动脉疾病（PAD）：4.2%；动脉僵硬度：2.1%）。在调整了社会人口统计学和生活方式因素、糖尿病、高血压、高胆固醇血症和肥胖症后，AHEI 每增加 10 个单位，ABI 风险高的几率（95%置信区间）降低 37%（5，44%）（p=0.018）。PAD 呈边缘显著（0.77（0.58，1.00）；p=0.05），而动脉僵硬度不显著（p=0.16）。在进行类似调整后，AHEI 每增加 10 个单位，与 CRP 风险升高相关的几率降低 21%（10，30%）（p=0.0002）。AHEI 与 ABI 之间没有显著的年龄、性别、种族、吸烟或先前存在的心血管代谢状况的相互作用。在糖尿病（p 交互作用 <0.0001）、肥胖症（p 交互作用=0.005）或 45-74 岁年龄组（p 交互作用=0.011）中，AHEI 与 CRP 风险升高的相关性更强。
在西班牙裔/拉丁裔人群中，较高的饮食质量与炎症水平降低和 ABI 不良程度降低有关，而与传统的心血管代谢危险因素无关。
