Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University, Chicago, IL 60153, USA.
J Nutr. 2020 Jun 1;150(6):1478-1487. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxaa023.
Diet quality may be an important area of focus for promoting cognitive health; however, the association between diet quality and cognitive function among Hispanics/Latinos remains largely unexamined. We hypothesized that a healthier diet quality will be associated with better cognitive function in middle-aged and older Hispanics/Latinos.
The objective of this study was to examine associations between the Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI-2010), a measure of diet quality, and cognitive function in middle-aged and older Hispanics/Latinos.
Data from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) Visit 1 (2008-2011) were used (n = 8461; ages 45-74 y). Cognitive function was assessed with tests of verbal learning and memory, verbal fluency, and processing speed; a global cognition score was derived by summing the z scores of individual tests. Dietary intake was assessed via two 24-h recalls. Total AHEI-2010 score was categorized into quintiles (higher quintiles indicating healthier diet). Linear regression models were used to examine associations between AHEI-2010 quintiles and cognitive function adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, daily energy intake, type 2 diabetes, smoking, and depressive symptoms.
Compared with the lowest quintile, in the second to fourth AHEI-2010 quintiles, global cognition scores were significantly higher by 0.28, 0.52, and 0.48 units (P-trend = 0.042). In the second to fifth AHEI-2010 quintiles, verbal learning scores were significantly higher by 0.60, 0.62, 0.92, and 0.88 units, and verbal memory scores were higher by 0.33, 0.40, 0.52, and 0.46 units (P-trend = 0.020 and 0.007, respectively). No associations were observed between the AHEI-2010 and verbal fluency or processing speed (P-trend = 0.49 and 0.84, respectively). Among AHEI-2010 components, adequate consumption of vegetables, alcohol, and whole fruits were each associated with better cognitive function.
An overall healthier diet quality was associated with better global cognition, verbal learning, and verbal memory in middle-aged and older Hispanics/Latinos.
饮食质量可能是促进认知健康的一个重要关注领域；然而，西班牙裔/拉丁裔人群的饮食质量与认知功能之间的关系在很大程度上仍未得到检验。我们假设，更健康的饮食质量与中年和老年西班牙裔/拉丁裔人群的更好认知功能有关。
本研究旨在探讨替代健康饮食指数（AHEI-2010）与中年和老年西班牙裔/拉丁裔人群认知功能之间的关系，AHEI-2010 是衡量饮食质量的一个指标。
使用了西班牙裔社区健康研究/拉丁裔研究（HCHS/SOL）第 1 次访问（2008-2011 年）的数据（n=8461；年龄 45-74 岁）。认知功能通过测试词语学习和记忆、词语流畅性和处理速度来评估；通过将个体测试的 z 分数相加得出整体认知评分。通过两次 24 小时回忆来评估饮食摄入。AHEI-2010 总分分为五组（较高的五分位数表示更健康的饮食）。使用线性回归模型，在调整社会人口特征、每日能量摄入、2 型糖尿病、吸烟和抑郁症状后，检验 AHEI-2010 五分位数与认知功能之间的关联。
与最低五分位数相比，AHEI-2010 第二至第四五分位数的整体认知评分分别显著高 0.28、0.52 和 0.48 个单位（P 趋势=0.042）。在 AHEI-2010 的第二至第五五分位数中，词语学习得分分别显著高 0.60、0.62、0.92 和 0.88 个单位，词语记忆得分分别高 0.33、0.40、0.52 和 0.46 个单位（P 趋势=0.020 和 0.007）。AHEI-2010 与词语流畅性或处理速度之间无关联（P 趋势=0.49 和 0.84）。在 AHEI-2010 的组成部分中，蔬菜、酒精和全水果的充足摄入均与更好的认知功能有关。
总体而言，更健康的饮食质量与中年和老年西班牙裔/拉丁裔人群的整体认知、词语学习和词语记忆功能更好有关。
