Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
Sci Rep. 2017 Jun 30;7(1):4481. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-04799-y.
Fishflies (Corydalidae: Chauliodinae) with a total of ca. 130 extant species are one of the major groups of the holometabolous insect order Megaloptera. As a group which originated during the Mesozoic, the phylogeny and historical biogeography of fishflies are of high interest. The previous hypothesis on the evolutionary history of fishflies was based primarily on morphological data. To further test the existing phylogenetic relationships and to understand the divergence pattern of fishflies, we conducted a molecule-based study. We determined the complete mitochondrial (mt) genomes of two Australian fishfly species, Archichauliodes deceptor Kimmins, 1954 and Protochauliodes biconicus Kimmins, 1954, both members of a major subgroup of Chauliodinae with high phylogenetic significance. A phylogenomic analysis was carried out based on 13 mt protein coding genes (PCGs) and two rRNAs genes from the megalopteran species with determined mt genomes. Both maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses recovered the Dysmicohermes clade as the sister group of the Archichauliodes clade + the Protochauliodes clade, which is consistent with the previous morphology-based hypothesis. The divergence time estimation suggested that the divergence among the three major subgroups of fishflies occurred during the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous when the supercontinent Pangaea was undergoing sequential breakup.
鱼蛉（Corydalidae：Chauliodinae）共有约 130 种现存物种，是完全变态昆虫目蜉蝣目（Megaloptera）的主要类群之一。作为起源于中生代的一个群体，鱼蛉的系统发育和历史生物地理学具有很高的研究价值。以前关于鱼蛉进化历史的假说主要基于形态学数据。为了进一步检验现有的系统发育关系，并了解鱼蛉的分化模式，我们进行了一项基于分子的研究。我们测定了两种澳大利亚鱼蛉物种——Archichauliodes deceptor Kimmins，1954 和 Protochauliodes biconicus Kimmins，1954 的完整线粒体（mt）基因组。这两个物种均属于 Chauliodinae 的一个主要亚群，具有重要的系统发育意义。基于已确定 mt 基因组的蜉蝣物种的 13 个 mt 蛋白编码基因（PCGs）和 2 个 rRNAs 基因，进行了系统基因组分析。最大似然和贝叶斯推断分析都恢复了 Dysmicohermes 分支是 Archichauliodes 分支和 Protochauliodes 分支的姐妹群，这与以前基于形态学的假说一致。分歧时间估计表明，这三个主要鱼蛉亚群的分歧发生在晚侏罗世和早白垩世期间，当时超大陆泛大陆（Pangaea）正在经历连续的分裂。
