Kanikarla-Marie Preeti, Lam Michael, Menter David G, Kopetz Scott
Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 426, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2017 Jun;36(2):235-248. doi: 10.1007/s10555-017-9681-1.
Platelets are cytoplasmic fragments generated by megakaryocytes in the bone marrow and do not possess a nucleus. They contribute to the "Circulome" consisting of all circulating cells, factors and macromolecules such as cfDNA. Their primary function is to recognize vascular lesions and initiate thrombus formation that ceases bleeding. This distinctive characteristic of platelets also contributes to cancer and its progression. The ability of platelets to recognize and interact with other cells and neighboring platelets enables them to interact with tumor cells in the circulation. Receptor recognition and factor mediated crosstalk between tumor cells and platelets stimulate platelet activation, release of factors, and aggregation that promotes tumor cell survival and cancer progression. This review describes platelet: (i) contributions to the "Circulome" (ii) their importance as diagnostic tools in predicting cancer risk and (iii) therapies targeting platelet activation in inhibiting tumor progression and metastasis.
血小板是骨髓中巨核细胞产生的细胞质碎片，无细胞核。它们是由所有循环细胞、因子和大分子（如游离DNA）组成的“循环组”的一部分。其主要功能是识别血管损伤并启动血栓形成以止血。血小板的这一独特特性也与癌症及其进展有关。血小板识别并与其他细胞及相邻血小板相互作用的能力，使其能够在循环中与肿瘤细胞相互作用。肿瘤细胞与血小板之间的受体识别和因子介导的串扰会刺激血小板活化、因子释放和聚集，从而促进肿瘤细胞存活和癌症进展。本综述描述了血小板：（i）对“循环组”的贡献；（ii）作为预测癌症风险的诊断工具的重要性；以及（iii）针对血小板活化以抑制肿瘤进展和转移的疗法。
