赌博支出、社会人口统计学、与健康相关的因素与赌博行为之间的关系——芬兰基于人口的横断面调查。
The relationship between gambling expenditure, socio-demographics, health-related correlates and gambling behaviour-a cross-sectional population-based survey in Finland.
机构信息
Department of Public Health Solutions, Alcohol, Drugs and Addictions Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
Institute of Clinical Medicine, University and University Hospital of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
出版信息
Addiction. 2018 Jan;113(1):91-106. doi: 10.1111/add.13929. Epub 2017 Sep 5.
AIMS
To investigate gambling expenditure and its relationship with socio-demographics, health-related correlates and past-year gambling behaviour.
DESIGN
Cross-sectional population survey.
SETTING
Population-based survey in Finland.
PARTICIPANTS
Finnish people aged 15-74 years drawn randomly from the Population Information System. The participants in this study were past-year gamblers with gambling expenditure data available (n = 3251, 1418 women and 1833 men).
MEASUREMENTS
Expenditure shares, means of weekly gambling expenditure (WGE, €) and monthly gambling expenditure as a percentage of net income (MGE/NI, %) were calculated. The correlates used were perceived health, smoking, mental health [Mental Health Inventory (MHI)-5], alcohol use [Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT)-C], game types, gambling frequency, gambling mode and gambling severity [South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS)].
FINDINGS
Gender (men versus women) was found to be associated significantly with gambling expenditure, with exp(β) = 1.40, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.29, 1.52 and P < 0.005 for WGE, and exp(β) = 1.39, 95% CI = 1.27, 1.51 and P < 0.005 for MGE/NI. All gambling behaviour correlates were associated significantly with WGE and MGE/NI: gambling frequency (several times a week versus once a month/less than monthly, exp(β) = 30.75, 95% CI = 26.89, 35.17 and P < 0.005 for WGE, and exp(β) = 31.43, 95% CI = 27.41, 36.03 and P < 0.005 for MGE/NI), gambling severity (probable pathological gamblers versus non-problem gamblers, exp(β) = 2.83, 95% CI = 2.12, 3.77 and P < 0.005 for WGE, and exp(β) = 2.67, 95% CI = 2.00, 3.57 and P < 0.005 for MGE/NI) and on-line gambling (on-line and land-based versus land-based only, exp(β) = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.24, 1.47 and P < 0.005 for WGE, and exp(β) = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.24, 1.47 and P < 0.005 for MGE/NI).
CONCLUSIONS
In Finland, male gender is associated significantly with both weekly gambling expenditure and monthly gambling expenditure related to net income. People in Finland with lower incomes contribute proportionally more of their income to gambling compared with middle- and high-income groups.
目的
调查赌博支出及其与社会人口统计学、与健康相关的因素以及过去一年的赌博行为之间的关系。
设计
横断面人群调查。
地点
芬兰基于人群的调查。
参与者
从人口信息系统中随机抽取的年龄在 15-74 岁的芬兰人。本研究的参与者是过去一年有赌博支出数据的赌徒（n=3251，1418 名女性和 1833 名男性）。
测量
计算支出份额、每周赌博支出（WGE，欧元）和每月赌博支出占净收入的百分比（MGE/NI，%）。使用的相关性包括感知健康、吸烟、心理健康[心理健康量表（MHI）-5]、饮酒[酒精使用障碍识别测试（AUDIT）-C]、游戏类型、赌博频率、赌博模式和赌博严重程度[南奥克斯赌博筛查（SOGS）]。
结果
性别（男性与女性）与赌博支出显著相关，WGE 的 exp(β)=1.40，95%置信区间（CI）=1.29，1.52，P<0.005，MGE/NI 的 exp(β)=1.39，95%CI=1.27，1.51，P<0.005。所有赌博行为相关性均与 WGE 和 MGE/NI 显著相关：赌博频率（每周几次与每月一次/每月少于一次，WGE 的 exp(β)=30.75，95%CI=26.89，35.17，P<0.005，MGE/NI 的 exp(β)=31.43，95%CI=27.41，36.03，P<0.005）、赌博严重程度（可能的病理性赌徒与非问题赌徒，WGE 的 exp(β)=2.83，95%CI=2.12，3.77，P<0.005，MGE/NI 的 exp(β)=2.67，95%CI=2.00，3.57，P<0.005）和在线赌博（在线和线下与仅线下，WGE 的 exp(β)=1.35，95%CI=1.24，1.47，P<0.005，MGE/NI 的 exp(β)=1.35，95%CI=1.24，1.47，P<0.005）。
结论
在芬兰，男性与每周赌博支出和与净收入相关的每月赌博支出显著相关。芬兰的低收入人群与中高收入人群相比，他们的收入中用于赌博的比例更高。
Zotero 插件