Plewka Danuta, Grzanka Alicja, Drzewiecka Elzbieta, Plewka Andrzej, Misiołek Maciej, Lisowska Grażyna, Rostkowska-Nadolska Beata, Gawlik Radoslaw
Department of Cytophysiology, Chair of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
Department of Internal Medicine, Dermatology and Allergology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
Postepy Dermatol Alergol. 2017 Jun;34(3):199-206. doi: 10.5114/ada.2017.67842. Epub 2017 May 29.
The pathogenesis of nasal polyps is still not fully understood.
To analyze the topography and intensity of interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS-2), and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) expressions in eosinophilic and neutrophilic polyps and in normal nasal mucosa.
The study included specimens from 20 patients with eosinophilic polyps (more than 10% of eosinophils in inflammatory infiltrate), 20 individuals with neutrophilic polyps (predominance of neutrophils and less than 10% of eosinophils), and samples of normal nasal mucosa from 10 controls. The expressions of studied proteins in vascular endothelial cells, epithelial, stromal and glandular cells were determined immunohistochemically with specific monoclonal antibodies.
Irrespective of the cellular type, the intensity of expressions in eosinophilic and neutrophilic polyps was significantly higher than in the normal mucosa. Eosinophilic polyps were characterized by stronger expressions of TNF-α (in all cellular types), IL-1β (in endothelial, glandular and epithelial cells), NF-κB (in stromal and epithelial cells), COX-2 (in glandular and stromal cells), and NOS-2 (in endothelial and stromal cells). In contrast, neutrophilic polyps showed significantly stronger expressions of COX-2 (in epithelial and endothelial cells) and NOS-2 (in glandular and epithelial cells). In both phenotypes, the strongest expressions of all studied markers were documented in vascular endothelial cells.
Inflammatory markers are involved in pathogenesis of both eosinophilic and neutrophilic polyps. Endothelial defects can play an important role in the development of nasal polyps.
鼻息肉的发病机制仍未完全明确。
分析嗜酸性粒细胞性和嗜中性粒细胞性息肉以及正常鼻黏膜中白细胞介素1β（IL-1β）、肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）、环氧化酶2（COX-2）、一氧化氮合酶2（NOS-2）和核因子-κB（NF-κB）表达的部位及强度。
本研究纳入了20例嗜酸性粒细胞性息肉患者（炎症浸润中嗜酸性粒细胞超过10%）、20例嗜中性粒细胞性息肉患者（以嗜中性粒细胞为主且嗜酸性粒细胞少于10%）的标本，以及10例对照者的正常鼻黏膜样本。使用特异性单克隆抗体通过免疫组织化学法测定所研究蛋白在血管内皮细胞、上皮细胞、基质细胞和腺细胞中的表达。
无论细胞类型如何，嗜酸性粒细胞性和嗜中性粒细胞性息肉中的表达强度均显著高于正常黏膜。嗜酸性粒细胞性息肉的特征在于TNF-α（在所有细胞类型中）、IL-1β（在内皮细胞、腺细胞和上皮细胞中）、NF-κB（在基质细胞和上皮细胞中）、COX-2（在腺细胞和基质细胞中）以及NOS-2（在内皮细胞和基质细胞中）的表达更强。相比之下，嗜中性粒细胞性息肉显示COX-2（在上皮细胞和内皮细胞中）和NOS-2（在腺细胞和上皮细胞中）的表达显著更强。在两种表型中，所有研究标志物的最强表达均见于血管内皮细胞。
炎症标志物参与嗜酸性粒细胞性和嗜中性粒细胞性息肉的发病机制。内皮缺陷在鼻息肉的发生发展中可能起重要作用。
