Ash Tayla, Bowling April, Davison Kirsten, Garcia Jeanette
*Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; †Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; ‡Department of Health Sciences, Merrimack College, North Andover, MA; §Department of Educational and Human Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL.
J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2017 Jul/Aug;38(6):431-445. doi: 10.1097/DBP.0000000000000452.
Perform a systematic review of the available literature regarding the effectiveness of exercise interventions on children with any type of social, emotional, or behavioral disability (SEBD), with attention to a range of physiological, behavioral, and mood outcomes.
Six databases were searched using a systematic methodology. References of included studies, as well as relevant reviews, were also examined. The review was limited to studies published since 2000 reporting a quantitative analysis of the effects of a physical activity (PA) intervention on at least 1 behavioral, psychological, or cognitive outcome in children aged 21 and under, diagnosed with a SEBD. Only studies with a control group were included.
We identified 24 eligible studies. Studies varied in design, participant characteristics, and intervention characteristics (single-bout vs repeated exposure, duration, intensity level, mode of exercise). Of the 20 behavioral outcome assessments, there was 1 negative finding, 12 null findings, 5 positive findings, and 2 mixed findings. For the 25 executive functioning outcome assessments, there were 5 null findings, 18 positive findings, and 2 mixed findings. For the remaining outcome domains, 1 of 2 studies looking at academic performance, 3 of 6 studies looking at objective neurological measures, and 1 of 3 studies looking at affect outcomes found positive results. All other results were null or mixed.
Although additional research is warranted to further understand the mechanisms by which PA affects behavioral and cognitive outcome measures in children with SEBDs, PA offers a safe and alternative form of treatment for this population.
对现有关于运动干预对患有任何类型社交、情感或行为障碍（SEBD）儿童有效性的文献进行系统综述，关注一系列生理、行为和情绪结果。
采用系统方法检索六个数据库。还检查了纳入研究的参考文献以及相关综述。该综述仅限于2000年以来发表的研究，这些研究报告了对21岁及以下被诊断为SEBD的儿童进行体育活动（PA）干预对至少一项行为、心理或认知结果的定量分析。仅纳入有对照组的研究。
我们确定了24项符合条件的研究。研究在设计、参与者特征和干预特征（单次锻炼与重复锻炼、持续时间、强度水平、运动方式）方面存在差异。在20项行为结果评估中，有1项负面结果、12项无结果、5项正面结果和2项混合结果。在25项执行功能结果评估中，有5项无结果、18项正面结果和2项混合结果。对于其余结果领域，在两项考察学业成绩的研究中有1项、在六项考察客观神经学指标的研究中有3项、在三项考察情感结果的研究中有1项发现了正面结果。所有其他结果均为无结果或混合结果。
尽管需要进一步研究以深入了解体育活动影响患有SEBD儿童行为和认知结果指标的机制，但体育活动为该人群提供了一种安全的替代治疗形式。
