UMR CNRS 7267 Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Equipe Ecologie Evolution Symbiose, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.
UMR CNRS 7267 Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Equipe Ecologie Evolution Symbiose, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.
Curr Opin Virol. 2017 Aug;25:16-22. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2017.06.005. Epub 2017 Jun 30.
Horizontal transfer (HT) of genetic material, mainly transposable elements, is increasingly recognized as an important factor shaping eukaryote genomes. Yet our understanding of the mechanisms and vectors underpinning these transfers is still limited. It has been proposed that such transfers may be facilitated by viruses, because they typically inject their genomes into host cells to replicate and they can be horizontally transmitted between their hosts. Recent evidence from high throughput sequencing of viral populations and paleovirology shows that both virus-to-host and host-to-virus gene flow can be common in a variety of eukaryote lineages. We argue that such studies reinforce the hypothesis of viruses as major vectors of HT in eukaryotes.
水平基因转移（HT），主要是转座元件的水平基因转移，正日益被认为是塑造真核生物基因组的一个重要因素。然而，我们对这些转移所依赖的机制和载体的理解仍然有限。有人提出，这种转移可能是由病毒促成的，因为它们通常将其基因组注入宿主细胞以进行复制，并且可以在宿主之间水平传播。最近通过高通量测序对病毒群体和古病毒学的研究证据表明，病毒向宿主和宿主向病毒的基因流动在各种真核生物谱系中都很常见。我们认为，这些研究加强了病毒作为真核生物中 HT 的主要载体的假说。
