Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3SY, UK.
Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3SY, UK.
Trends Microbiol. 2022 Mar;30(3):281-292. doi: 10.1016/j.tim.2021.07.004. Epub 2021 Sep 2.
Paleovirology is the study of ancient viruses and how they have coevolved with their hosts. An increasingly detailed understanding of the diversity, origins, and evolution of the DNA viruses of eukaryotes has been obtained through the lens of paleovirology in recent years. Members of multiple viral families have been found integrated in the genomes of eukaryotes, providing a rich fossil record to study. These elements have extended our knowledge of exogenous viral diversity, host ranges, and the timing of viral evolution, and are revealing the existence of entire new families of eukaryotic integrating dsDNA viruses and transposons. Future work in paleovirology will continue to provide insights into antiviral immunity, viral diversity, and potential applications, and reveal other secrets of the viral world.
古病毒学是研究古代病毒以及它们与宿主如何共同进化的学科。近年来，通过古病毒学的视角，我们对真核生物的 DNA 病毒的多样性、起源和进化有了越来越详细的了解。多个病毒家族的成员已被发现整合在真核生物的基因组中，为研究提供了丰富的化石记录。这些元素扩展了我们对外源病毒多样性、宿主范围和病毒进化时间的认识，并揭示了整个新的真核整合双链 DNA 病毒和转座子家族的存在。古病毒学的未来研究将继续提供对抗病毒免疫、病毒多样性和潜在应用的深入了解，并揭示病毒世界的其他秘密。
