Paakkari Leena, Kokko Sami, Villberg Jari, Paakkari Olli, Tynjälä Jorma
Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Research Center for Health Promotion, University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
Scand J Public Health. 2017 Dec;45(8):854-860. doi: 10.1177/1403494817714189. Epub 2017 Jul 4.
The aim of this research was to compare the levels of perceived health literacy among adolescents who do or do not participate in sports club activities. Organized sport club activities reach a high proportion of adolescents, and have the potential to contribute to the development of their health literacy.
The cross-sectional data on health literacy among school children in Finland (aged 13 and 15, n=3852) were measured, as a part of the Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) study, using the Health Literacy for School-aged Children (HLSAC) instrument. Sports club participation and its association with health literacy were examined in relation to age, gender, family affluence, school achievement, and physical activity. The statistical analyses included cross-tabulation and the multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression analyses.
Perceived health literacy was higher among adolescents who participated in sports club activities. This conclusion was valid for boys and girls, for both age groups, among those who were physically active 6-7 days a week, had at least moderate school achievement, and those who belonged to the middle or high affluence families. From the health literacy perspective, participation in sports club activities was especially beneficial for those having low or moderate school achievement level.
The sports club setting may work towards equalizing health literacy differences related to school achievement. However, the clubs should ensure that access is available to as many adolescents as possible; by this means they may spread beneficial influences, supporting the development of health literacy among broader population groups.
本研究旨在比较参与和未参与体育俱乐部活动的青少年的健康素养认知水平。有组织的体育俱乐部活动覆盖了很大比例的青少年，并且有可能促进他们健康素养的发展。
作为学龄儿童健康行为（HBSC）研究的一部分，使用学龄儿童健康素养（HLSAC）工具对芬兰学龄儿童（13岁和15岁，n = 3852）的健康素养横断面数据进行了测量。研究了体育俱乐部参与情况及其与健康素养的关联，涉及年龄、性别、家庭富裕程度、学业成绩和体育活动。统计分析包括交叉表分析和多层次混合效应逻辑回归分析。
参与体育俱乐部活动的青少年的健康素养认知水平更高。这一结论在男孩和女孩、两个年龄组、每周进行6 - 7天体育活动的人群、学业成绩至少中等的人群以及属于中高富裕家庭的人群中均成立。从健康素养的角度来看，参与体育俱乐部活动对学业成绩低或中等水平的人尤其有益。
体育俱乐部环境可能有助于平衡与学业成绩相关的健康素养差异。然而，俱乐部应确保尽可能多的青少年能够参与；通过这种方式，它们可以传播有益影响，支持更广泛人群的健康素养发展。
