Jeong H, Oem J-K, Yang M-S, Yang D, Kim M-S, Lee K-H, Lee M-H, Lim C-W, Kim B
College of Veterinary Medicine and Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan City, Republic of Korea.
College of Veterinary Medicine and Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan City, Republic of Korea; Animal Disease Diagnostic Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang, Republic of Korea.
J Comp Pathol. 2017 Aug-Oct;157(2-3):220-229. doi: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2017.05.003. Epub 2017 Jun 30.
In 2010, there was a large-scale outbreak of bovine encephalomyelitis in Korea, and 15 new strains of Akabane virus (AKAV) were isolated. To identify the pathogenicity of one of these strains, we infected adult goats with AKAV-7 via different routes. Twenty-five female goats were used in this study and were divided into five groups: intracerebral (IC) and intrasubarachnoid (IS) viral inoculation (n = 8 each), intravenous (IV) inoculation (n = 4), and vaccinated before IV inoculation (n = 4), in addition to a negative control animal. All animals inoculated with AKAV-7 had AKAV-neutralizing antibodies at 6-8 days post infection (dpi). During the experimental period, infected animals showed no clinical signs. In the IC group, 5/8 goats had non-suppurative encephalomyelitis affecting the cerebrum. Virus S RNA segments were detected in nearly all areas of the brain. In the IS group, 3/8 goats had encephalomyelitis affecting the cerebrum, cerebellum and spinal cord. At 7 and 21 dpi, virus S RNA segments were found mostly in the spinal cord, especially around the area of injection (L5-L6). Antibody titres in the serum of the vaccinated group had an early onset and slightly increased titre compared with the IV group. Histopathologically, there were no obvious lesions in the central nervous tissues in the vaccinated group, while one of four goats in the IV group showed encephalomyelitis in the parietal lobe of the cerebrum. The newly isolated AKAV-7 can cause encephalomyelitis in goats after experimental injection. The attenuated AKAV vaccine currently used in Korea may provide partial protective immunity against AKAV-7 infection, but the real effect of the vaccine requires further investigation in goats.
2010年，韩国爆发了大规模牛脑脊髓炎，分离出15株新的赤羽病毒（AKAV）。为确定其中一株病毒的致病性，我们通过不同途径用AKAV-7感染成年山羊。本研究使用了25只雌性山羊，分为五组：脑内（IC）和蛛网膜下腔（IS）病毒接种组（每组n = 8只）、静脉（IV）接种组（n = 4只）、IV接种前接种疫苗组（n = 4只），此外还有1只阴性对照动物。所有接种AKAV-7的动物在感染后6 - 8天（dpi）均产生了AKAV中和抗体。在实验期间，感染动物未表现出临床症状。在IC组，8只山羊中有5只出现影响大脑的非化脓性脑脊髓炎。在大脑几乎所有区域都检测到了病毒S RNA片段。在IS组，8只山羊中有3只出现影响大脑、小脑和脊髓的脑脊髓炎。在7和21 dpi时，病毒S RNA片段主要在脊髓中发现，尤其是注射部位（L5 - L6）周围。接种疫苗组血清中的抗体滴度起效早，与IV组相比滴度略有升高。组织病理学检查显示，接种疫苗组中枢神经组织无明显病变，而IV组4只山羊中有1只在大脑顶叶出现脑脊髓炎。新分离的AKAV-7经实验注射后可引起山羊脑脊髓炎。韩国目前使用的减毒AKAV疫苗可能对AKAV-7感染提供部分保护性免疫，但该疫苗的实际效果还需要在山羊中进一步研究。
