Meng Jinxin, He Yuwen, Li Nan, Yang Zhenxing, Fu Si, Wang Dongmei, Xin Aiguo, Wang Jinglin, Liang Guodong
Yunnan Tropical and Subtropical Animal Viral Disease Laboratory, Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
Jiangcheng County Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Jiangcheng, Yunnan, China.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2025 Jan 17;14:1434045. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1434045. eCollection 2024.
We verified that Akabane virus (AKAV) is transmitted through biting midges and infects local domestic animals.
In 2013, viruses were isolate from biting midges in Yunnan, China, using BHK-21 and C6/36 cells. Two AKAV strains (No. 52 and 55) that induced cytopathogenic effects (CPE) in BHK-21, MDBK, and Vero cells were characterized.
The complete genomic sequence of both viruses consisted three RNA segments (S, M, and L). The S segment (856 nucleotides) encoded a 233-amino-acid nucleocapsid protein and a 91-amino-acid nonstructural protein, while the M segment (4309 nucleotides) encoded a 1401-amino-acid polyprotein. The L segment (6869 nucleotides) encoded a 2511-amino-acid RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that specimen Nos. 52 and 55 clustered with AKAV genotype Ia viruses isolated from Asia. The AKAV strain (55) neutralizing antibody exhibited a total positive rate of 43.55% (202/466) against serum samples from cattle and goats collected in Yunnan Province. Specifically, the positive rates were 48.77% (139/285) for cattle and 34.81% (63/181) for goats. Neutralizing antibody titers in cattle (1:32-1:128) were higher than those in goats (1:4-1:16).
This study represents the first isolation of AKAV from biting midges in China, along with the detection of high neutralizing antibody titers against AKAV in the serum samples of local cattle and goats. These findings suggested that biting midges are involved in AKAV transmission among domestic animals in Yunnan Province, China.
我们证实了赤羽病毒（AKAV）可通过蠓叮咬传播并感染当地家畜。
2013年，在中国云南，使用BHK - 21和C6/36细胞从蠓中分离病毒。对在BHK - 21、MDBK和Vero细胞中诱导细胞病变效应（CPE）的两株AKAV毒株（52号和55号）进行了特性鉴定。
两种病毒的完整基因组序列均由三个RNA片段（S、M和L）组成。S片段（856个核苷酸）编码一个233个氨基酸的核衣壳蛋白和一个91个氨基酸的非结构蛋白，而M片段（4309个核苷酸）编码一个1401个氨基酸的多聚蛋白。L片段（6869个核苷酸）编码一个2511个氨基酸的RNA依赖的RNA聚合酶。系统发育分析显示，52号和55号标本与从亚洲分离的AKAV基因型Ia病毒聚集在一起。AKAV毒株（55）中和抗体对从云南省采集的牛和山羊血清样本的总阳性率为43.55%（202/466）。具体而言，牛的阳性率为48.77%（139/285），山羊的阳性率为34.81%（63/181）。牛的中和抗体效价（1:32 - 1:128）高于山羊（1:4 - 1:16）。
本研究首次在中国从蠓中分离出AKAV，并在当地牛和山羊的血清样本中检测到针对AKAV的高中和抗体效价。这些发现表明，蠓参与了中国云南省家畜中AKAV的传播。
