Tsiros Margarita D, Samaras Michelle G, Coates Alison M, Olds Timothy
Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, PO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia.
Qual Life Res. 2017 Nov;26(11):3119-3129. doi: 10.1007/s11136-017-1639-9. Epub 2017 Jul 3.
To investigate associations between aspects of time use and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in youth.
239 obese and healthy-weight 10- to 13-year-old Australian children completed the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL™) quantifying their health-related quality of life. Time use was evaluated over four days using the Multimedia Activity Recall for Children and Adolescents (MARCA), a validated 24 h recall tool. The average number of minutes/day spent in physical activity (divided into sport, active transport and play), screen time (divided into television, videogames and computer use), and sleep were calculated. Percent fat was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, Tanner stage by self-report, and household income by parental report. Sex-stratified analysis was conducted using Partial Least Squares regression, with percent fat, Tanner stage, household income, and use-of-time as the independent variables, and PedsQL™ total, physical and psychosocial subscale scores as the dependent variables.
For boys, the most important predictors of HRQoL were percent fat (negative), videogames (negative), sport (positive), and Tanner stage (negative). For girls, the significant predictors were percent fat (negative), television (negative), sport (positive), active transport (negative), and household income (positive).
While body fat was the most significant correlate of HRQoL, sport was independently associated with better HRQoL, and television and videogames with poorer HRQoL. Thus, parents and clinicians should be mindful that not all physical activity and screen-based behaviours have equivocal relationships with children's HRQoL. Prospective research is needed to confirm causation and to inform current activity guidelines.
调查青少年时间利用的各个方面与健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）之间的关联。
239名10至13岁的澳大利亚肥胖及体重正常儿童完成了儿童生活质量量表（PedsQL™），以量化他们的健康相关生活质量。使用针对儿童和青少年的多媒体活动回忆法（MARCA，一种经过验证的24小时回忆工具）对四天内的时间利用情况进行评估。计算每天花在体育活动（分为运动、主动出行和玩耍）、屏幕时间（分为看电视、玩电子游戏和使用电脑）和睡眠上的平均分钟数。使用双能X射线吸收法测量体脂百分比，通过自我报告确定坦纳分期，通过父母报告确定家庭收入。采用偏最小二乘回归进行性别分层分析，将体脂百分比、坦纳分期、家庭收入和时间利用作为自变量，将PedsQL™总分、身体和心理社会子量表得分作为因变量。
对于男孩，HRQoL的最重要预测因素是体脂百分比（负相关）、电子游戏（负相关）、运动（正相关）和坦纳分期（负相关）。对于女孩，显著的预测因素是体脂百分比（负相关）、电视（负相关）、运动（正相关）、主动出行（负相关）和家庭收入（正相关）。
虽然体脂是与HRQoL最显著的关联因素，但运动与更好的HRQoL独立相关，而电视和电子游戏与较差的HRQoL相关。因此，家长和临床医生应注意，并非所有体育活动和基于屏幕的行为与儿童HRQoL的关系都是模棱两可的。需要进行前瞻性研究以确认因果关系并为当前的活动指南提供信息。
