Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Systems, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA.
Lab Chip. 2017 Jul 25;17(15):2550-2560. doi: 10.1039/c7lc00364a.
Eccrine sweat has rapidly emerged as a non-invasive, ergonomic, and rich source of chemical analytes with numerous technological demonstrations now showing the ability for continuous electrochemical sensing. However, beyond active perspirers (athletes, workers, etc.), continuous sweat access in individuals at rest has hindered the advancement of both sweat sensing science and technology. Reported here is integration of sudomotor axon reflex sweat stimulation for continuous wearable sweat analyte analysis, including the ability for side-by-side integration of chemical stimulants & sensors without cross-contamination. This integration approach is uniquely compatible with sensors which consume the analyte (enzymatic) or sensors which equilibrate with analyte concentrations. In vivo validation is performed using iontophoretic delivery of carbachol with ion-selective and impedance sensors for sweat analysis. Carbachol has shown prolonged sweat stimulation in directly stimulated regions for five hours or longer. This work represents a significant leap forward in sweat sensing technology, and may be of broader interest to those interested in on-skin sensing integrated with drug-delivery.
汗已经迅速成为一种非侵入性、符合人体工程学和丰富的化学分析物来源，现在有许多技术演示表明其具有连续电化学传感的能力。然而，除了主动出汗者（运动员、工人等）之外，在休息的个体中进行连续的汗液获取，这阻碍了汗液传感科学和技术的发展。本文报道了一种集成的汗腺传出神经轴反射性汗液刺激方法，用于连续的可穿戴汗液分析物分析，包括能够并排集成化学刺激物和传感器而不会发生交叉污染。这种集成方法与消耗分析物的传感器（酶传感器）或与分析物浓度达到平衡的传感器完全兼容。使用离子选择性和阻抗传感器通过离子电渗递送来对乙酰胆碱进行体内验证，以进行汗液分析。在直接刺激区域中，乙酰胆碱表现出长达五个小时或更长时间的延长汗液刺激。这项工作代表了汗液传感技术的重大突破，对于那些对与药物输送集成的皮肤传感感兴趣的人可能具有更广泛的意义。
