MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2017 Dec 15;605-606:735-744. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.027. Epub 2017 Jul 1.
Pig farm is an important potential source for artificial sweeteners (ASs) in the environment due to their wide use as additives in pig feed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the fate of typical ASs in pig farm and neighboring farmland. For this purpose, the levels of four typical artificial ASs, i.e. saccharin (SAC), cyclamate (CYC), acesulfame (ACE) and sucralose (SUC), in pig feed and manure from a pig farm and water samples from an on-farm wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Tianjin, China were measured and the mass loadings and removal efficiencies were assessed. Moreover, the levels of ASs in different layers of soil and vegetables in neighboring farmland that received manure fertilizers and wastewater from the farm were consecutively monitored for 60-80days. The SAC, CYC and ACE were widely determined in all kinds of the samples, while SUC was only found in few soil samples. The mass loadings of the ASs in pig feed were estimated up to 311kg/year for SAC, 59.1kg/year for CYC, and 17.1kg/year for ACE, respectively. The fractions of the total mass of ASs excreted via manure were estimated to be 36.0% for SAC, 59.4% for CYC, and 36.7% for ACE as compared to those in pig feed. High removal efficiencies (>90%) of ASs in the on-farm WWTP was achieved. In greenhouse soils, CYC, SAC, ACE, and SUC were degraded quickly, with half-lives of 4.3-5.9 d, 2.7-4.2 d, 8.4-12.3 d, and 7.3-10.8 d, respectively. Lower levels of ASs were found in deeper soil layer (20-30cm). The ASs were considerably absorbed by plants when the ASs' concentrations were high in soil. This study presents the first comprehensive overview of ASs fate from a pig farm to the neighboring agricultural ecosystem.
养猪场是环境中人工甜味剂（ASs）的重要潜在来源，因为它们作为添加剂广泛用于猪饲料。本研究的目的是评估典型 ASs 在养猪场和邻近农田中的归宿。为此，测量了中国天津一个养猪场的猪饲料和粪便以及养猪场场内废水处理厂（WWTP）水样中四种典型人工 ASs（糖精（SAC）、环已基氨基磺酸钠（CYC）、乙酰磺胺酸钾（ACE）和三氯蔗糖（SUC））的水平，并评估了其质量负荷和去除效率。此外，还连续监测了养猪场粪便和废水施肥的邻近农田不同土层和蔬菜中 ASs 的水平，监测期为 60-80 天。所有样品中均广泛检测到 SAC、CYC 和 ACE，而 SUC 仅在少数土壤样品中检出。猪饲料中 ASs 的质量负荷估计分别为 SAC 高达 311kg/年、CYC 为 59.1kg/年、ACE 为 17.1kg/年。与猪饲料相比，通过粪便排泄的 ASs 总质量的分数估计为 SAC 为 36.0%、CYC 为 59.4%、ACE 为 36.7%。养猪场内 WWTP 实现了 ASs 的高去除效率（>90%）。在温室土壤中，CYC、SAC、ACE 和 SUC 迅速降解，半衰期分别为 4.3-5.9d、2.7-4.2d、8.4-12.3d 和 7.3-10.8d。在较深的土层（20-30cm）中，ASs 的含量较低。当土壤中 ASs 浓度较高时，ASs 被植物大量吸收。本研究首次全面概述了养猪场到邻近农业生态系统的 ASs 归宿。
