Lobo Larissa Aline Carneiro, Canuto Raquel, Dias-da-Costa Juvenal Soares, Pattussi Marcos Pascoal
Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, São Leopoldo, Brasil.
Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2017 Jul 3;33(6):e00035316. doi: 10.1590/0102-311X00035316.
The objectives were to analyze the prevalence of arterial hypertension reported by Brazilian adults over 20 years of age and verify associated socioeconomic variables in three time periods. The data are from the Brazilian National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) in 1998 (196,439 participants), 2003 (231,921), and 2008 (250,664). The outcome was self-reported arterial hypertension. The principal exposures were income in Reais and schooling in years. Data analysis used Poisson regression with robust variance with control for complex samples. Higher prevalence of arterial hypertension was associated with lower schooling, regardless of the survey year and gender. Low income was associated with higher prevalence of arterial hypertension, regardless of years of schooling, in the overall sample and in women. In men, this effect was not observed in 1998 and 2003. In 2008, high-income men showed higher prevalence of arterial hypertension, suggesting effect modification. Thus, the current study pointed to an increase in prevalence rates for arterial hypertension in the three periods, highlighting the inverse association with socioeconomic factors.
研究目的是分析20岁以上巴西成年人报告的动脉高血压患病率，并验证三个时间段内相关的社会经济变量。数据来自巴西地理与统计研究所（IBGE）在1998年（196,439名参与者）、2003年（231,921名）和2008年（250,664名）进行的巴西全国家庭抽样调查（PNAD）。研究结果为自我报告的动脉高血压。主要暴露因素为以雷亚尔计的收入和受教育年限。数据分析采用泊松回归并控制复杂样本的稳健方差。无论调查年份和性别如何，动脉高血压患病率较高均与受教育程度较低相关。在总体样本和女性中，低收入与动脉高血压患病率较高相关，无论受教育年限如何。在男性中，1998年和2003年未观察到这种效应。2008年，高收入男性的动脉高血压患病率较高，提示存在效应修正。因此，本研究指出这三个时间段内动脉高血压患病率有所上升，突出了其与社会经济因素的负相关关系。
