Simão Anderson A, Marques Tamara R, Marcussi Silvana, Corrêa Angelita D
Departamento de Química, Laboratório de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Lavras/UFLA, Campus UFLA, 37200-000 Lavras, MG, Brazil.
An Acad Bras Cienc. 2017;89(3 Suppl):2155-2165. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765201720160067. Epub 2017 Jun 29.
Leaves of Psidium guajava L. (guava) have been widely used in the popular way for prevention and treatment of various diseases. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory potential of leaves aqueous extract from three cultivars of P. guajava (Pedro Sato, Paluma and Século XXI) on α-amylase, α-glycosidase, lipase, and trypsin enzymes, in the presence or not of simulated gastric fluid and to determine the content of phenolic compounds by high performance liquid chromatography. All cultivars presented the same composition in phenolic compounds, but in different proportions. The compounds identified are gallic acid, epigallocatechin gallate, syringic acid, o-coumaric acid, resveratrol, quercetin, and catechin (which was the major compound in all the cultivars evaluated). In the absence of simulated gastric fluid, it was observed different inhibitions exercised by the leaves aqueous extracts from three cultivars of P. guajava on each enzyme. In presence of simulated gastric fluid, all cultivars showed increase in the inhibition of lipase and α-glycosidase, and decrease in inhibition of α-amylase and trypsin enzymes. These results indicate that P. guajava leaves aqueous extracts from all cultivars evaluated possess potential of use as an adjuvant in the treatment of obesity and other dyslipidemias.
番石榴（Psidium guajava L.）叶已被广泛用于民间防治各种疾病。因此，本研究的目的是评估来自三个番石榴品种（佩德罗·萨托、帕卢马和二十一世纪）的叶水提取物在有无模拟胃液存在的情况下对α-淀粉酶、α-糖苷酶、脂肪酶和胰蛋白酶的抑制潜力，并通过高效液相色谱法测定酚类化合物的含量。所有品种的酚类化合物组成相同，但比例不同。鉴定出的化合物有没食子酸、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯、丁香酸、邻香豆酸、白藜芦醇、槲皮素和儿茶素（儿茶素是所有评估品种中的主要化合物）。在没有模拟胃液的情况下，观察到三个番石榴品种的叶水提取物对每种酶的抑制作用不同。在有模拟胃液的情况下，所有品种对脂肪酶和α-糖苷酶的抑制作用增强，而对α-淀粉酶和胰蛋白酶的抑制作用减弱。这些结果表明，所有评估品种的番石榴叶水提取物都具有作为肥胖症和其他血脂异常治疗辅助剂的应用潜力。
