Stevovic Lidija Injac, Vodopic Sanja
Clinical Department of Psychiatry, Clinical Centre of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro.
Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Montenegro, Dzona Dzeksona bb, Podgorica, Montenegro.
Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2017 Jul 4;16:27. doi: 10.1186/s12991-017-0151-5. eCollection 2017.
A change in suicide attempts is associated with comprehensive changes in mental and physical health and social environment. Attempted suicide and suicide are one of the biggest problems nowadays worldwide, not only in the field of mental health but also in the field of public health. The aim of the research was to determine the number of attempted suicides as well as the influence of clinical and demographic variables on the attempted suicide rate.
The data on the attempted suicide were analysed in the period 2012-2016 based on the data from the Emergency Ward of the Clinical Centre of Montenegro in Podgorica. The rate of attempted suicides as well as the unemployment rate was calculated. The statistical analysis included descriptive statistics of the raw data and relative numbers, Chi-squared test, Fisher's test and Spearman coefficient.
The average age of males who attempted suicide was 38.35 ± 14.11, min 15 and max 88 years of age, and the age of women was 38.97 ± 16.81, min 16 and max 93 years of age. Women attempted suicide more frequently ( < 0.05). Female/male ratio during the investigation period slightly declined (1.93 in 2012 vs. 1.29 in 2016). The attempted suicide rates ranged from 103 per 100,000 residents in 2016 to 142 per 100,000 residents in 2015. Crude attempt rate was the highest in women in 2012 (102.42 per 100,000 residents) and for men in 2014 and 2015 (84.48 vs. 83.06 per 100,000 residents). Poisoning with psychotropic drugs was the dominant manner of attempt (93.2%), while the largest number of attempts was in the late spring and summer (May, June and July). Attempted suicide rate in man was associated with higher unemployment rate.
Although women make the majority of attempted suicide cases, there has been a decline in the value of the rate for women and a rise for men. The attempted suicide rates in Podgorica belong to lower rates compared to the WHO European multicentre study on parasuicide. Poisoning with psychotropic drugs was the predominant manner, while the highest number of attempted suicides was in the late spring and summer (May, June and July). Unemployment influences men to attempt suicide much more frequently.
自杀未遂的变化与身心健康及社会环境的全面改变相关。自杀未遂和自杀是当今全球最大的问题之一，不仅在精神卫生领域，在公共卫生领域亦是如此。本研究的目的是确定自杀未遂的数量以及临床和人口统计学变量对自杀未遂率的影响。
基于波德戈里察黑山临床中心急诊病房2012 - 2016年的数据，对自杀未遂数据进行分析。计算自杀未遂率以及失业率。统计分析包括原始数据和相对数的描述性统计、卡方检验、费舍尔检验和斯皮尔曼系数。
自杀未遂男性的平均年龄为38.35 ± 14.11岁，最小15岁，最大88岁；女性平均年龄为38.97 ± 16.81岁，最小16岁，最大93岁。女性自杀未遂更为频繁（P < 0.05）。调查期间女性/男性比例略有下降（2012年为1.93，2016年为1.29）。自杀未遂率从2016年的每10万居民103例到2015年的每10万居民142例不等。2012年女性的粗未遂率最高（每10万居民102.42例），2014年和2015年男性的粗未遂率最高（分别为每10万居民84.48例和83.06例）。使用精神药物中毒是主要的未遂方式（93.2%），而未遂次数最多的是在春末和夏季（5月、6月和7月）。男性的自杀未遂率与较高的失业率相关。
尽管女性构成了大多数自杀未遂案例，但女性的未遂率值有所下降，男性的未遂率有所上升。与世界卫生组织欧洲多中心自杀未遂研究相比，波德戈里察的自杀未遂率属于较低水平。使用精神药物中毒是主要方式，而自杀未遂次数最多的是在春末和夏季（5月、6月和7月）。失业对男性自杀未遂的影响更为频繁。
