Arlettaz Romaine
Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Front Pediatr. 2017 Jun 21;5:147. doi: 10.3389/fped.2017.00147. eCollection 2017.
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is part of the typical morbidity profile of the preterm infant, with a high incidence of 80-90% in extremely low birth weight infants born before 26 weeks of gestation. Whereas spontaneous closure of the ductus arteriosus (DA) is likely in term infants, it is less so in preterm ones. PDA is associated with increased mortality and various comorbidities including cardiac failure, need for respiratory support, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, pulmonary or intracranial hemorrhage, and necrotizing enterocolitis; however, there is no proven causality between these morbidities and the presence of DA. Thus, the indication to close PDA remains highly controversial. This paper focuses on echocardiographic evaluation of PDA in the preterm infant and particularly on the echocardiographic signs of hemodynamic significance.
动脉导管未闭（PDA）是早产儿典型发病情况的一部分，在妊娠26周前出生的极低出生体重儿中发病率高达80 - 90%。虽然足月儿的动脉导管（DA）很可能自然闭合，但早产儿则不然。PDA与死亡率增加以及各种合并症相关，包括心力衰竭、需要呼吸支持、支气管肺发育不良、肺或颅内出血以及坏死性小肠结肠炎；然而，这些合并症与DA存在之间尚无已证实的因果关系。因此，关闭PDA的指征仍然极具争议。本文重点关注早产儿PDA的超声心动图评估，尤其关注具有血流动力学意义的超声心动图征象。
