Indoor Environment Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Indoor Air. 2017 Nov;27(6):1039-1051. doi: 10.1111/ina.12403. Epub 2017 Jul 31.
Based on a review of literature published in refereed archival journals, ventilation rates in classrooms often fall far short of the minimum ventilation rates specified in standards. There is compelling evidence, from both cross-sectional and intervention studies, of an association of increased student performance with increased ventilation rates. There is evidence that reduced respiratory health effects and reduced student absence are associated with increased ventilation rates. Increasing ventilation rates in schools imposes energy costs and can increase heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning system capital costs. The net annual costs, ranging from a few dollars to about 10 dollars per person, are less than 0.1% of typical public spending on elementary and secondary education in the United States. Such expenditures seem like a small price to pay given the evidence of health and performance benefits.
基于对已发表的同行评审档案期刊文献的回顾，教室中的通风率往往远低于标准中规定的最低通风率。有确凿的证据表明，无论是在横断面研究还是干预研究中，学生的表现与通风率的增加呈正相关。有证据表明，增加通风率可以降低呼吸健康影响和学生缺勤率。增加学校的通风率会增加能源成本，并可能增加供暖、通风和空调系统的资本成本。每年的净成本从每人几美元到 10 美元不等，不到美国小学和中学教育典型公共支出的 0.1%。考虑到健康和表现方面的好处，这些支出似乎是一个很小的代价。
