Domínguez-Ortega Javier, López-Matas María Ángeles, Alonso María Dolores, Feliú Angélica, Ruiz-Hornillos Javier, González Emma, Moya Raquel, Carnés Jerónimo
Allergy Unit, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain.
Allergy Rhinol (Providence). 2016 Jan 1;7(4):200-206. doi: 10.2500/ar.2016.7.0183.
Sensitization to Pinales (Cupressaceae and Pinaceae) has increased dramatically in recent years. The prevalence of sensitization in different geographic areas is related to exposure to specific pollens.
To investigate the prevalence of allergy to different conifer pollens, describe the characteristics of patients with such allergy, and identify the involved allergens.
Patients were recruited at five hospitals near Madrid. Extracts from conifer pollen were prepared and used in skin-prick testing. Wheal sizes were recorded, and serum samples obtained from patients with positive reactions to Cupressus arizonica and/or Pinus pinea. The specific immunoglobulin E value to C. arizonica and Cup a 1 was determined. Individual immunoblots for each patient and with a pool of sera were performed. Allergenic proteins were sequenced by using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
Of 499 individuals included in the study, 17 (14%) had positive skin-prick test results to some conifer pollen extracts. Sixty-four patients had positive results to C. arizonica (prevalence 12.8%) and 11 had positive results to P. pinea (2.2%). All the patients had respiratory symptoms (61.4% during the C. arizonica pollination period), and 62.9% had asthma. Approximately 86% of the patients had positive specific immunoglobulin E results to C. arizonica and 92.3% had positive results to Cup a 1. Fourteen different bands were recognized by immunoblot; the most frequent bands were those detected at 43, 18, 16, and 14 kDa. All sequenced proteins corresponded to Cup a 1.
Allergy to conifer pollen could be considered a relevant cause of respiratory allergy in central Spain. Asthma was more frequent than in other studies. We only identified Cup a 1 as involved in sensitization.
近年来，对松柏目（柏科和松科）的致敏率急剧上升。不同地理区域的致敏率与接触特定花粉有关。
调查对不同针叶树花粉过敏的患病率，描述此类过敏患者的特征，并确定相关过敏原。
在马德里附近的五家医院招募患者。制备针叶树花粉提取物并用于皮肤点刺试验。记录风团大小，并从对亚利桑那柏和/或海岸松反应阳性的患者中采集血清样本。测定对亚利桑那柏和Cup a 1的特异性免疫球蛋白E值。对每位患者和一组血清进行个体免疫印迹分析。使用液相色谱-串联质谱法对致敏蛋白进行测序。
在纳入研究的499名个体中，17名（14%）对某些针叶树花粉提取物的皮肤点刺试验结果呈阳性。64名患者对亚利桑那柏的检测结果呈阳性（患病率12.8%），11名对海岸松的检测结果呈阳性（2.2%）。所有患者均有呼吸道症状（61.4%在亚利桑那柏授粉期出现），62.9%患有哮喘。约86%的患者对亚利桑那柏的特异性免疫球蛋白E检测结果呈阳性，92.3%对Cup a 1的检测结果呈阳性。免疫印迹识别出14条不同条带；最常见的条带出现在43、18、16和14 kDa处。所有测序蛋白均对应于Cup a 1。
在西班牙中部，针叶树花粉过敏可能是呼吸道过敏的一个相关原因。哮喘比其他研究中更为常见。我们仅确定Cup a 1参与致敏过程。
