Zeifman Debra M, St James-Roberts Ian
Vassar College, Department of Psychological Science, 124 Raymond Avenue, Mailbox 582, Poughkeepsie, NY 12604 USA.
Thomas Coram Research Unit, UCL Institute of Education, University College London, 27/28 Woburn Square, London WC1H 0AA, UK.
Curr Opin Psychol. 2017 Jun;15:149-154. doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.02.009. Epub 2017 Mar 3.
Crying conveys evidence about an infant's state and neurological health which, when carefully assessed, can provide diagnostic information for parents and clinicians. When crying is inconsolable or judged to be excessive, it can stress parents, disrupt parenting and, in rare cases, place an infant at risk for abuse. Research has revealed physiological and neural responses to crying that may predispose some adults to maltreat infants. Although this work suggests that parental vulnerabilities contribute to insensitive or aggressive reactions, there is a growing recognition that exposure to large doses of crying may be a challenge for all adults. Support programmes that inform parents about infant crying, enhance parenting, and improve parental wellbeing and coping, are under development with promising initial findings.
哭泣传达了有关婴儿状态和神经健康的信息，经过仔细评估后，这些信息可为父母和临床医生提供诊断依据。当婴儿哭泣无法安抚或被判定过度时，会给父母带来压力，扰乱育儿过程，在极少数情况下，还会使婴儿面临受虐待的风险。研究揭示了对哭泣的生理和神经反应，这些反应可能使一些成年人更容易虐待婴儿。尽管这项研究表明父母自身的脆弱性会导致他们做出冷漠或过激的反应，但人们越来越认识到，长时间大量听到婴儿哭泣对所有成年人来说都是一项挑战。目前正在开展一些支持项目，向父母介绍婴儿哭泣的相关知识，加强育儿能力，改善父母的幸福感和应对能力，初步结果很有前景。
