Kales A, Bixler E O, Soldatos C R, Vela-Bueno A, Jacoby J A, Kales J D
Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1986 Mar;39(3):345-52. doi: 10.1038/clpt.1986.51.
Two benzodiazepine hypnotics, one with an intermediate elimination t1/2 (temazepam, 15 mg) and the other with a long t1/2 (quazepam, 15 mg), were evaluated in 22- night sleep laboratory studies. The effectiveness and side effects of these benzodiazepines were assessed during short- and intermediate term use. Subjects were also assessed for the presence of rebound insomnia after abrupt withdrawal. Quazepam, 15 mg, was significantly effective in improving sleep both with short- and intermediate-term use, but the effectiveness of temazepam was considerably less. Although temazepam was effective for maintaining sleep with short-term use, there was rapid development of tolerance for this effect with intermediate-term use. Temazepam did not produce any behavioral side effects during either drug condition. The only side effect associated with quazepam was a significant degree of daytime sleepiness. After its withdrawal, temazepam was associated with some sleep and mood disturbance on the first withdrawal night, whereas quazepam had carryover effectiveness.
在一项为期22晚的睡眠实验室研究中，对两种苯二氮䓬类催眠药进行了评估，一种具有中等消除半衰期（替马西泮，15毫克），另一种具有长半衰期（夸西泮，15毫克）。在短期和中期使用期间，对这些苯二氮䓬类药物的有效性和副作用进行了评估。还评估了受试者突然停药后是否存在反弹性失眠。15毫克的夸西泮在短期和中期使用时均能显著改善睡眠，但替马西泮的有效性则低得多。虽然替马西泮在短期使用时对维持睡眠有效，但在中期使用时这种效果会迅速产生耐受性。在两种用药情况下，替马西泮均未产生任何行为副作用。与夸西泮相关的唯一副作用是明显的日间嗜睡。停药后，替马西泮在停药后的第一个晚上会出现一些睡眠和情绪障碍，而夸西泮则具有持续有效性。
