DePasquale Nicole, Polenick Courtney A, Davis Kelly D, Moen Phyllis, Hammer Leslie B, Almeida David M
The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
J Fam Issues. 2017 Aug;38(11):1495-1519. doi: 10.1177/0192513X15584680. Epub 2015 May 5.
An increasing number of adults, both men and women, are simultaneously managing work and family caregiving roles. Guided by the stress process model, we investigate whether 823 employees occupying diverse family caregiving roles (child caregiving only, elder caregiving only, and both child caregiving elder caregiving, or "sandwiched" caregiving) and their noncaregiving counterparts in the information technology division of a white-collar organization differ on several indicators of psychosocial stress along with gender differences in stress exposure. Compared with noncaregivers, child caregivers reported more perceived stress and partner strain whereas elder caregivers reported greater perceived stress and psychological distress. With the exception of work-to-family conflict, sandwiched caregivers reported poorer overall psychosocial functioning. Additionally, sandwiched women reported more family-to-work conflict and less partner support than their male counterparts. Further research on the implications of combining a white-collar employment role with different family caregiving roles is warranted.
越来越多的成年人，无论男性还是女性，都在同时承担工作和家庭照料的角色。在压力过程模型的指导下，我们调查了一家白领组织信息技术部门中823名承担不同家庭照料角色的员工（仅照顾孩子、仅照顾老人以及既照顾孩子又照顾老人，即“夹心式”照料）及其非照料同行在心理社会压力的几个指标上是否存在差异，以及压力暴露方面的性别差异。与非照料者相比，照顾孩子的员工报告了更多的感知压力和伴侣关系紧张，而照顾老人的员工报告了更大的感知压力和心理困扰。除了工作与家庭冲突外，“夹心式”照料者报告的整体心理社会功能较差。此外，“夹心式”照料的女性比男性同行报告了更多的家庭与工作冲突和更少的伴侣支持。有必要进一步研究白领工作角色与不同家庭照料角色相结合的影响。
