Campbell Am Lesley V
Aust Fam Physician. 2017;46(7):456-459.
The prevalence and cost of overweight and obesity are projected to continue to rise in our current sedentary, energy-rich environment. The heritability of obesity is reported to be 40-80%.
The objectives of this article are to review recent genetic discoveries about the basis of human obesity; describe familial or syndromic obesity, which is rare but presents early and should, if suspected, be referred for full specialist diagnosis of the underlying genetic disorder; and summarise immediate implications for general practice.
Increasingly, specialised genetic studies are helping to unravel the complex physiology underlying the regulation and control of body fatness. Rare but serious syndromic obesity can now be identified early in life. Possible targets for future drug treatment are currently being found and tested, offering hope for the future. Understanding the heritable nature of obesity should also help to relieve the blame and guilt from the professional's approach to current weight management.
在我们当前久坐不动、能量丰富的环境中，超重和肥胖的患病率及成本预计将持续上升。据报道，肥胖的遗传度为40%-80%。
本文的目的是回顾关于人类肥胖基础的近期遗传学发现；描述家族性或综合征性肥胖，这种肥胖虽罕见但发病早，若怀疑应转诊进行潜在遗传疾病的全面专科诊断；并总结对全科医疗的直接影响。
越来越多的专门遗传学研究有助于揭示调节和控制身体脂肪的复杂生理学机制。现在可以在生命早期识别出罕见但严重的综合征性肥胖。目前正在寻找和测试未来药物治疗的可能靶点，为未来带来希望。了解肥胖的遗传本质也应有助于减轻专业人员在当前体重管理方法中的指责和内疚感。
