尼日利亚药学专业学生对药物警戒活动的知识与认知评估。
An evaluation of the knowledge and perceptions of pharmacy students on pharmacovigilance activities in Nigeria.
作者信息
Osemene Kanayo P, Afolabi Margaret O
机构信息
Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun, Nigeria.
出版信息
BMC Res Notes. 2017 Jul 12;10(1):273. doi: 10.1186/s13104-017-2586-9.
BACKGROUND
The use of the modified-prescription event monitoring technique has facilitated the understanding and reporting of pharmacovigilance (PV). However, in Nigeria, PV activities are largely misunderstood. Furthermore, there is a dearth of information on the knowledge and perceptions of pharmacy students on PV activities in relation to demographics. This study investigated and assessed the knowledge and perceptions of pharmacy students about pharmacovigilance as well as the demographic factors that are related to pharmacovigilance activities.
METHODS
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among final year pharmacy students in three universities in months of January and February, 2016 with permission from the institutions and with written consents from 342 respondents. Pre-tested questionnaire was used to elicit information on the study objectives. Data were analysed using appropriate descriptive and inferential statistical techniques.
RESULTS
The study revealed that the mean score on knowledge of pharmacy students on pharmacovigilance activities was 4.3 ± 0.18 which was significant according to gender (P < 0.001), students' university (P < 0.001), and previous exposure to PV subjects (P < 0.001). Sixty-four percent of the students had positive perceptions about PV activities which was significant at P < 0.00 according to gender and their various universities. Less than half of the respondents 165 (48.2%) were able to correctly name the organisation that collates and document ADR reports in Nigeria. Only 21 (6.1%) of the respondents gave the correct answer to whether or not all possible ADRs of a drug can be determined during clinical trials or during pre-marketing phase of drug assessment. About 204 (59.7%) of the respondents erroneously believed that adverse reactions caused by cosmetics should not be reported.
CONCLUSIONS
Respondents have inadequate knowledge of PV activities. Therefore, pharmacy student educators should enhance students' knowledge about PV through training, during clerkship, and lay more emphasis on relevant PV courses in the Pharmacy Curriculum.
背景
改良处方事件监测技术的应用有助于对药物警戒（PV）的理解和报告。然而，在尼日利亚，药物警戒活动在很大程度上被误解。此外，关于药学专业学生对药物警戒活动的知识和认知以及与人口统计学相关的信息匮乏。本研究调查并评估了药学专业学生对药物警戒的知识和认知以及与药物警戒活动相关的人口统计学因素。
方法
2016年1月和2月，在三所大学的最后一年药学专业学生中进行了一项横断面调查，获得了机构许可并得到342名受访者的书面同意。使用经过预测试的问卷来获取有关研究目标的信息。采用适当的描述性和推断性统计技术对数据进行分析。
结果
研究表明，药学专业学生对药物警戒活动的知识平均得分为4.3±0.18，根据性别（P<0.001）、学生所在大学（P<0.001）以及以前接触过药物警戒主题（P<0.001），该得分具有显著性差异。64%的学生对药物警戒活动有积极的认知，根据性别和他们所在的不同大学，在P<0.00时具有显著性差异。不到一半的受访者165人（48.2%）能够正确说出在尼日利亚整理和记录药品不良反应报告的组织。只有21人（6.1%）的受访者正确回答了在临床试验期间或药物评估的上市前阶段是否能够确定药物的所有可能不良反应。约204人（59.7%）的受访者错误地认为化妆品引起的不良反应不应报告。
结论
受访者对药物警戒活动的知识不足。因此，药学专业学生教育工作者应通过培训、实习期间增强学生对药物警戒的知识，并在药学课程中更加强调相关的药物警戒课程。
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