Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK.
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2017 Dec;83:691-696. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.06.014. Epub 2017 Jul 8.
The cross-sex-shift hypothesis predicts that homosexual men and women will be similar in certain neurobehavioral traits to their opposite-sex counterparts. Accordingly, it predicts that homosexual men should perform in the direction of heterosexual women, and homosexual women in the direction of heterosexual men, on neurocognitive tests that show normative sex differences. We conducted a meta-analysis on the relationship between sexual orientation and cognitive performance, and tested the effects of potential moderating variables separately by sex. A total of 106 samples and 254,231 participants were included. The meta-analysis revealed that homosexual men performed like heterosexual women in both male-favouring (e.g., spatial cognition) and female-favouring (e.g., verbal fluency) cognitive tests, while homosexual women performed like heterosexual men only in male-favouring tests. The magnitude of the sexual orientation difference varied across cognitive domains (larger for spatial abilities). It was also larger in studies comparing exclusive heterosexuals with exclusive homosexuals compared to studies comparing exclusive heterosexuals with non-exclusive homosexuals for both sexes. The results may narrow down potential sites for sexual orientation-related neural differences.
跨性别转变假说预测，同性恋男性和女性在某些神经行为特征上与异性对应性别相似。因此，该假说预测，在显示出规范性别差异的神经认知测试中，同性恋男性的表现应该趋向于异性女性，而同性恋女性的表现应该趋向于异性男性。我们对性取向和认知表现之间的关系进行了荟萃分析，并按性别分别测试了潜在调节变量的影响。共有 106 个样本和 254231 名参与者被纳入分析。荟萃分析显示，同性恋男性在男性偏好（例如空间认知）和女性偏好（例如语言流畅性）认知测试中的表现与异性女性相似，而同性恋女性仅在男性偏好测试中的表现与异性男性相似。性取向差异的程度在认知领域有所不同（空间能力的差异较大）。对于男性和女性，与将异性恋者与非同性恋者进行比较的研究相比，将异性恋者与同性恋者进行比较的研究中，这种差异更大。这些结果可能会缩小与性取向相关的神经差异的潜在部位。
