Peng Zhiwei, Zhang Changsheng, Shen Meiying, Bao Heng, Hou Zhijun, He Shaowen, Hua Yuping
1 College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, People's Republic of China 150040.
2 College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, People's Republic of China 150040.
J Wildl Dis. 2017 Oct;53(4):854-858. doi: 10.7589/2016-08-190. Epub 2017 Jul 12.
The giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is the most iconic endangered species in the world, but there is little information about the spatial and temporal distribution of parasites in the wild giant panda population. In total, 193 fecal samples from giant pandas in the Foping National Nature Reserve, People's Republic of China, were analyzed for parasite eggs using a modification of the McMaster technique. The morphology and size of Baylisascaris schroederi eggs were observed under an optical microscope. The prevalence and intensity of B. schroederi infection during the sampling year 2012 were 52.3% (101/193) and 89 eggs/g of feces, respectively, among giant pandas in this population. The prevalence of B. schroederi in the pandas varied during different months of the year, from 7% to 100%, and the prevalences in spring, summer, autumn, and winter were 71, 77, 23, and 18%, respectively. The prevalence was not significantly different between giant pandas that ate two different types of bamboo, but the intensity of infection was higher in the group eating Arundinaria fargesii (P=0.043). Altitude, temperature, and dew point were correlated with the infection intensity (r=-0.224, P<0.001; r=0.328, P<0.001; r=0.328, P=0.028, respectively). There was no correlation between infection intensity and distance to rivers. This study provides a better understanding of B. schroederi prevalence among the wild giant pandas in Foping National Nature, China.
大熊猫（Ailuropoda melanoleuca）是世界上最具标志性的濒危物种，但关于野生大熊猫种群中寄生虫的时空分布信息却很少。总共对来自中华人民共和国佛坪国家级自然保护区的193份大熊猫粪便样本进行了改良麦克马斯特技术分析，以检测寄生虫卵。在光学显微镜下观察了斯氏狸殖吸虫（Baylisascaris schroederi）卵的形态和大小。在该种群的大熊猫中，2012年采样年度斯氏狸殖吸虫的感染率和感染强度分别为52.3%（101/193）和89个虫卵/克粪便。斯氏狸殖吸虫在大熊猫中的感染率在一年中的不同月份有所变化，从7%到100%不等，春季、夏季、秋季和冬季的感染率分别为71%、77%、23%和18%。食用两种不同竹子的大熊猫之间感染率无显著差异，但食用缺苞箭竹（Arundinaria fargesii）的组感染强度更高（P = 0.043）。海拔、温度和露点与感染强度相关（r分别为-0.224，P < 0.001；r = 0.328，P < 0.001；r = 0.328，P = 0.028）。感染强度与到河流的距离之间无相关性。本研究有助于更好地了解中国佛坪国家级自然保护区野生大熊猫中斯氏狸殖吸虫的感染情况。
