Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (HZ, L-TW); Duke University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Duke University Medical Center (L-TW); Duke Clinical Research Institute (L-TW); and Center for Child and Family Policy, Sanford School of Public Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC (L-TW).
J Addict Med. 2017 Sep/Oct;11(5):357-367. doi: 10.1097/ADM.0000000000000330.
The study examined sex differences in trend and clinical characteristics of cannabis use disorder (CUD) diagnosis involved hospitalizations among adult patients.
We analyzed hospitalization data from the 2007-2011 Nationwide Inpatient Samples for patients aged 18-64 years (N = 15,114,930). Descriptive statistics were used to characterize demographic variables and to compare the proportions of CUD diagnosis and comorbid patterns between male and female hospitalizations. Logistic regressions were performed to examine the association of sex and other demographic variables with CUD diagnosis.
During the study period, 3.3% of male and 1.5% of female hospitalizations had any-listed CUD diagnoses, and both sexes presented an upward trend in the number, rate, and proportion of CUD diagnosis. Among hospitalizations for patients aged 18-25 years, about 1 in 10 males and 1 in 20 females included a CUD diagnosis, and this proportion decreased with age strata. Mental disorders accounted for the highest proportion of CUD involved inpatient hospitalizations, and female CUD involved hospitalizations included a higher proportion of mental disorders that required hospitalized care compared with male hospitalizations (41% vs 36%). In each sex group, younger age, black race, lower household income, large metropolitan residence, non-private insurance, substance use diagnosis, and mental disorders were associated with elevated odds of having CUD diagnosis.
The large sample of clinical hospitalization data suggest an increased trend in CUD diagnosis and sex differences in several comorbidities with CUD-involved hospital admissions. Prevention and treatment for CUD should consider sex differences in clinical comorbidities.
本研究旨在探讨成年患者因大麻使用障碍（CUD）住院治疗中，性别差异与 CUD 诊断的趋势和临床特征。
我们分析了 2007 年至 2011 年全国住院患者样本中年龄在 18-64 岁的患者（N=15,114,930）的住院数据。采用描述性统计方法描述人口统计学变量，并比较男性和女性住院患者中 CUD 诊断和合并症模式的比例。采用逻辑回归检验性别和其他人口统计学变量与 CUD 诊断的关联。
在研究期间，3.3%的男性和 1.5%的女性住院患者有任何 CUD 诊断，且男女 CUD 诊断的数量、比率和比例均呈上升趋势。在 18-25 岁住院患者中，约每 10 名男性和每 20 名女性中就有 1 名患有 CUD，且这一比例随年龄增长而下降。精神障碍占 CUD 住院患者的比例最高，与男性住院患者相比，女性 CUD 住院患者中需要住院治疗的精神障碍比例更高（41%比 36%）。在每个性别组中，年龄较小、黑种人、家庭收入较低、居住在大都市区、非私人保险、物质使用诊断和精神障碍与 CUD 诊断的可能性增加相关。
大量的临床住院数据表明，CUD 诊断的趋势增加，且 CUD 住院治疗中存在多种合并症存在性别差异。CUD 的预防和治疗应考虑到临床合并症的性别差异。
